Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
This list has no items
auxiliary
1.
should (be), bound (to be), expected (to be), must (be)(usually kana)
noun
2.
nock (of a bow)
3.
nock (of an arrow)
4.
5.
wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
Other readings:
はず《弭》
noun
•
baby, infant
Other readings:
赤ん坊【あかんぼ】
、赤んぼ【あかんぼ】
、赤んぼう【あかんぼう】
Godan-gu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to make noise, to make racket, to be noisy
2.
to rustle, to swoosh
3.
to make merry
4.
to clamor, to clamour, to make a fuss, to kick up a fuss
5.
to lose one's cool, to panic, to act flustered
6.
to feel tense, to be uneasy, to be excited
Other readings:
騷ぐ【さわぐ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
adjective
1.
severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless
2.
hard (to do), difficult, tricky
3.
intense (e.g. cold), harsh (weather), inclement
Other readings:
酷しい【きびしい】
expression, Godan-tsu verb
•
to be helpful, to be useful
Other readings:
役にたつ【やくにたつ】
、やくに立つ【やくにたつ】
noun
1.
neck
2.
head
3.
dismissal, discharge, firing (from a job)(usually kana)(also written as 馘)
Other readings:
頸【くび】
、頚【くび】
、クビ
sonna
Common word
pronoun
1.
you, buddy, pal(male term, familiar language)(also used colloquially by young females)
noun
2.
monarch, ruler, sovereign, (one's) master(orig. meaning)
Other readings:
公【きみ】
na-adjective, adverb, noun
1.
mostly, ordinarily, usually, generally(usually kana)
2.
probably
no-adjective, noun
3.
most, almost all
4.
ordinary(before a neg. form)
na-adjective
5.
proper, appropriate, moderate(usu. as 〜にする)
Other readings:
たいてい《大てい》
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to go out to meet
2.
to receive, to welcome, to greet, to salute, to hail, to reach, to approach, to enter (a phase, era, etc.)
3.
to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family)
4.
to call for, to summon, to invite
5.
to approach (a certain time, a point in one's life, etc.)
Other readings:
邀える【むかえる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to catch, to capture, to arrest, to seize, to restrain(only relevant for 捕まえる)
2.
to grab, to clutch, to grasp, to seize, to hold on to(only relevant for 捉まえる and 掴まえる)
3.
to catch hold of (someone), to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street), to hail (a taxi, waiter, etc.), to hold (someone) back, to detain
4.
towards (someone), at (someone)(as 〜をつかまえて)
Other readings:
捉まえる【つかまえる】
、掴まえる【つかまえる】
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to drop, to lose, to let fall, to shed (light), to cast (one's gaze), to pour in (liquid), to leave behind
2.
to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair), to lose, to spend money at a certain place, to omit, to leave out, to secretly let escape
3.
to lose (a match), to reject (an applicant), to fail (a course), to defeat (in an election)
4.
to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice), to lessen (e.g. production or body weight), to worsen (quality), to reduce (e.g. rank or popularity), to speak badly of, to make light of, to fall into straitened circumstances
5.
to fall into (e.g. a dilemma or sin), to make one's own, to have one's bid accepted, to force surrender, to take (e.g. an enemy camp or castle), to forcefully convince, to press for a confession, to deal with
6.
to download, to copy from a computer to another medium(computer term)
7.
to make someone swoon (judo)(martial arts)
8.
to finish a story (e.g. with the punch line)
9.
to finish (a period, e.g. of fasting)
Other readings:
落す【おとす】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to convey, to report, to transmit, to communicate, to tell, to impart, to propagate, to teach, to bequeath
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become thin, to lose weight, to reduce (one's) weight, to slim
2.
to be barren, to be infertile, to be sterile
Other readings:
痩る【やせる】[1]
、瘠せる【やせる】
、瘠る【やせる】[1]
、瘦せる【やせる】[2]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
reply, answer, response
Other readings:
返辞【へんじ】
noun
1.
guest, visitor
2.
customer, client, shopper, spectator, audience, tourist, sightseer, passenger
counter
3.
counter for containers used to entertain guests
Other readings:
客【かく】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to stop, to turn off(esp. 止める, 停める)
2.
to park(esp. 止める, 停める)
3.
to prevent, to suppress (a cough), to hold back (tears), to hold (one's breath), to relieve (pain)(esp. 止める, 停める)
4.
to stop (someone from doing something), to dissuade, to forbid, to prohibit
5.
6.
to fix (in place), to fasten, to tack, to pin, to nail, to button, to staple(esp. 留める)
7.
to detain, to keep in custody(esp. 留める)
Other readings:
留める【とめる】
、停める【とめる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to stand up, to put up, to set up, to erect, to raise(also written as 起てる)
2.
to thrust into, to bury into, to dig into
3.
to make (a noise), to start (a rumour), to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.), to cause
4.
to make, to establish, to set up, to develop, to formulate
5.
to put up (a political candidate), to make (one's leader)
6.
to treat with respect, to give (someone) their due, to make (someone) look good, to avoid embarrassing (someone)
7.
to sharpen, to make clear
8.
to shut, to close
See also:閉てる
9.
to make tea (matcha), to perform the tea ceremony
See also:点てる
10.
to divide by
suffix, Ichidan verb
11.
to do ... vigorously(after the -masu stem of a verb)
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
1.
this time, now
2.
next time, another time, shortly, soon
3.
recently, lately, the other day
noun
1.
slope, incline, hill
2.
milestone, (age) mark(e.g. 60の坂)
Other readings:
阪【さか】
na-adjective, no-adjective, noun
•
a long time (since the last time), first in a long time
Other readings:
久し振り【ひさしぶり】
noun
•
dictionary, lexicon
Other readings:
辞典【ことばてん】
、辭典【じてん】[1]
、辭典【ことばてん】[1]
、ことば典【ことばてん】
、言葉典【ことばてん】
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to say, to be called(humble language)
2.
to do(humble language)(after a word beginning with お- or ご-)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
translation
2.
deciphering, decoding
noun
3.
translation(biology term)
Other readings:
飜訳【ほんやく】
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
•
to be surprised, to be astonished
Other readings:
愕く【おどろく】
、駭く【おどろく】
noun
•
hair (on the head)
Other readings:
髮【かみ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to get better, to get well, to recover (from an illness), to be cured, to be restored, to heal
All readings:
治る【なおる】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down(esp. 下りる)
2.
to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount(esp. 降りる)
3.
to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold
4.
to be granted, to be issued, to be given(esp. 下りる)
5.
to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.)(esp. 降りる)
6.
All readings:
降りる【おりる】
、下りる【おりる】
noun, no-adjective
1.
substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing
2.
stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor
noun
3.
4.
5.
Other readings:
替わり【かわり】
、代り【かわり】
、替り【かわり】
noun
1.
surface
2.
face (i.e. the visible side of an object)
3.
front (of a building, etc.), obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin
4.
outside, exterior
5.
appearance
6.
public
7.
8.
cover (for tatami mats, etc.)
9.
foreground(computer term)
noun
1.
inside, within
2.
while (e.g. one is young), during, within (e.g. a day), in the course of(usually kana)
3.
among, amongst, (out) of, between(usually kana)(as 〜のうち)
4.
in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.), amidst, with (e.g. success)(usually kana)(also 裡, 裏; as のうちに after a noun representing a state or condition)
5.
within oneself, one's feelings, inner thoughts
noun, no-adjective
6.
7.
noun
8.
my spouse, my husband, my wife(only relevant for 内)
9.
signed on behalf of (husband's name) by his wife(only relevant for 内)(in a letter after the husband's name)
pronoun
10.
I, me(usually kana, Kansai-ben (dialect))(only relevant for 内)(primarily used by women and children)
noun
11.
imperial palace grounds(archaism)(only relevant for 内)
12.
emperor(archaism)(only relevant for 内)
Other readings:
中【うち】
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