Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to keep in mind, to bear in mind, to try, to aim to do, to endeavor, to endeavour
All readings:
心がける【こころがける】
、心掛ける【こころがける】
、心懸ける【こころがける】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go under, to pass under, to go through, to pass through(usually kana)
2.
3.
to evade, to get around, to slip past(usually kana)
4.
to survive, to surmount(usually kana)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to pierce, to penetrate, to soak in, to permeate(usually kana)
2.
to sting (wound or sensitive area, etc.), to smart, to twinge(usually kana)(only relevant for 染みる and 沁みる)
3.
to be infected (with vice), to be steeped (with prejudice), to be influenced(usually kana)
4.
to feel keenly, to make a deep impression(usually kana)
Other readings:
しみる《沁みる》
、しみる《滲みる》
、しみる《浸みる》
、しみる《泌みる》
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row
2.
to attend, to participate in
3.
to enrol, to enroll, to join
4.
to have a connection, to be related, to be linked
Other readings:
列なる【つらなる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to put to bed
2.
to lay down lengthwise, to put a thing on its side
3.
to set something aside unused, to let lie idle
4.
to ferment, to lay down (wine)
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to gulp down, to swallow deeply
2.
to understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn, to digest
3.
to engulf, to swallow up
4.
to be filled with (people), to be crowded
5.
to hold back from saying something, to swallow (one's words)
Other readings:
呑み込む【のみこむ】
、飲みこむ【のみこむ】
、呑みこむ【のみこむ】
、のみ込む【のみこむ】
、飲込む【のみこむ】
、呑込む【のみこむ】
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
•
to overlook, to fail to notice, to miss (seeing)
Other readings:
見落す【みおとす】
noun
1.
view, prospect, outlook
2.
Other readings:
見晴し【みはらし】
、見はらし【みはらし】
noun
•
gesture, gesticulation, motion
Other readings:
身ぶり【みぶり】
、身振【みぶり】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
personal history, background, career
2.
log, record, history
3.
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to cut into (a line, conversation, etc.), to force oneself into (e.g. a crowd), to wedge oneself into, to squeeze oneself into, to intrude on, to interrupt
2.
to fall below (of stock prices, sales, etc.), to drop below
Other readings:
割込む【わりこむ】
、割りこむ【わりこむ】
、わり込む【わりこむ】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to make a mistake, to err
2.
to mislead, to misguide
Other readings:
謬る【あやまる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to wager, to bet, to risk, to stake, to gamble
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
drop (e.g. of water), drip
All readings:
滴【しずく】
、雫【しずく】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to die out, to peter out, to become extinct
2.
to cease, to be stopped, to be discontinued, to be cut off
Other readings:
断える【たえる】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to break off, to come to an end, to be interrupted, to be cut short, to pause
All readings:
途切れる【とぎれる】
、跡切れる【とぎれる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
locking up (doors and windows), fastening the doors
All readings:
戸締まり【とじまり】
、戸締り【とじまり】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
(husband and wife) earning a living together
Other readings:
共かせぎ【ともかせぎ】
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to accompany, to go hand in hand with, to be consequent upon(usu. 〜に伴う)
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
2.
to be accompanied by, to bring with, to take with, to be involved in(usu. 〜を伴う)
Other readings:
伴なう【ともなう】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
1.
to carry on one's shoulder, to shoulder, to bear
2.
to bear (burden, responsibility, etc.), to take upon oneself
Other readings:
荷う【になう】
、荷なう【になう】
noun
•
Dear (so and so), Dear Sir, Dear Madam, To Whom It May Concern(letters beginning with this typically end with 敬具)
See also:敬具
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to soak, to dip, to steep, to immerse
2.
to moisten, to wet
adjective
1.
flat, even, level, simple
2.
plain (speech, etc.), simple
Other readings:
扁たい【ひらたい】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to make round, to roll up, to curl up
2.
to seduce, to cajole, to explain away
See also:丸め込む
3.
to round off (a fraction)
4.
to lump together(archaism)
Godan-tsu verb, intransitive verb
•
to be useful, to be helpful, to serve the purpose
Other readings:
役だつ【やくだつ】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be in a hurry, to be impatient, to be anxious (to do), to fret
2.
to get a fright, to panic, to get flustered, to be startled(colloquialism)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to visit, to call on
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
2.
to arrive, to come, to appear
Other readings:
訪れる【おとづれる】
conjunction
•
and, as well as
Other readings:
及【および】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to look back on (the past), to reflect on, to reminisce about
See also:省みる (かえりみる)
2.
to look behind (at), to turn round (and look), to look over one's shoulder
3.
to consider, to concern oneself about, to take notice of, to pay attention to, to take into consideration(usu. in the negative)
Other readings:
顧る【かえりみる】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to finish up, to complete, to finish off, to get through, to polish off
adjective
1.
astringent, bitter, puckery, rough, harsh, tart
2.
austere, elegant (and unobtrusive), refined, quiet (and simple), sober, sombre, subdued, tasteful (in a quiet way), understated
3.
sour (look), glum, grim, sullen, sulky
4.
stingy, tight-fisted
Other readings:
澁い【しぶい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, no-adjective
1.
every month
na-adjective, noun
2.
trite, commonplace, conventional, hackneyed(only relevant for つきなみ)(orig. used as an insult towards old-fashioned poets who would meet monthly to write poetry)
Other readings:
月並【つきなみ】
、月次【つきなみ】
、月次【げつじ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
saliva, spit, sputum
Other readings:
唾【つばき】
、唾【つわき】
、唾【つわ】[1]
、唾【つ】[1]
、唾【つわっぱ】[1]
、唾き【つばき】
、唾き【つわき】
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Godan-gu verb, transitive verb
1.
to sharpen, to hone, to whet, to grind
2.
to wash (rice)(esp. 磨ぐ)
3.
to scour, to polish, to burnish
Other readings:
磨ぐ【とぐ】
、砥ぐ【とぐ】
Godan-gu verb, transitive verb
1.
to act as an agent for, to intermediate
2.
to announce (someone's arrival), to answer (the door, the phone), to receive (a guest at reception), to usher in (a guest)
3.
to convey (a message)
Other readings:
取次ぐ【とりつぐ】
、取りつぐ【とりつぐ】
、取り継ぐ【とりつぐ】[1]
、取継ぐ【とりつぐ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
packing, baling, crating
Other readings:
荷作り【にづくり】
、荷づくり【にづくり】
na-adjective, noun
1.
absurd, unreasonable, excessive, rash(むっちゃ is dialectal)
adverb
2.
Other readings:
無茶【むっちゃ】[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to prepare, to provide
2.
to set up, to establish, to organize, to lay down (rules), to make (an excuse)
noun, no-adjective
•
yearning, longing, aspiration, adoration, admiration
Other readings:
憬れ【あこがれ】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be renewed, to change(only relevant for 改まる)
2.
to be improved, to be reformed, to be revised, to be corrected(only relevant for 改まる)
3.
to stand on ceremony, to be formal(only relevant for 改まる)
4.
to take a turn for the worse (of an illness), to take a serious turn
Other readings:
革まる【あらたまる】
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to hurt, to ache, to feel a pain(esp. 痛む)
2.
to be injured, to be spoiled (e.g. food), to be damaged(esp. 傷む)
Other readings:
傷む【いたむ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
handstand, headstand
2.
being upside down, being in reverse
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