Vocabulary list for JLPT N4

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adjective
1.
severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless
2.
hard (to do), difficult, tricky
3.
intense (e.g. cold), harsh (weather), inclement
Other readings:
酷しい【きびしい】

noun
1.
forest
2.
shrine grove(esp. 杜)
See also:鎮守の杜
Other readings:
【もり】

adverb
finally, at last, ultimately, in the end(usually kana)

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to change, to be transformed, to be altered, to vary
2.
to move to
3.
to be different, to be uncommon, to be unusual(usu. as 変わった, 変わっている)
Other readings:
変る【かわる】

noun, no-adjective
neighbourhood, neighborhood

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be broken, to break
2.
to fall through, to come to nothing
Other readings:
毀れる【こわれる】

noun, adverbial noun
1.
on the way, en route, halfway
2.
in the middle of, midway

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to turn back (e.g. half-way)
2.
to return, to go back
3.
to recover (e.g. something lost), to be returned
4.
to rebound, to spring back

noun, na-adjective
freedom, liberty

adjective
1.
sad, miserable, unhappy, sorrowful(of a person)
2.
sad, lamentable, deplorable, grievous(of a thing, incident, etc.)
Other readings:
哀しい【かなしい】[1]
愛しい【かなしい】[1]
Notes:
  1. word containing out-dated kanji

noun
1.
text
2.
textbook
Other readings:
テクスト

adverb, to-adverb
1.
slowly, quietly, steadily, gradually, gingerly(onomatopia)
2.
soon, momentarily, before long, any time now(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ソロソロ

noun
ryokan, traditional inn, Japanese-style lodging, usu. professionally-run

noun, noun (suffix)
city

noun
price, cost
Other readings:
直段【ねだん】

Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to decide, to choose, to determine, to make up one's mind, to resolve, to set one's heart on, to settle, to arrange, to set, to appoint, to fix
2.
to clinch (a victory), to decide (the outcome of a match)
3.
to persist in doing, to go through with
4.
to always do, to have made a habit of(as 決めている)
5.
to take for granted, to assume
6.
to dress up, to dress to kill, to dress to the nines
7.
to carry out successfully (a move in sports, a pose in dance, etc.), to succeed in doing
8.
to immobilize with a double-arm lock (in sumo, judo, etc.)(martial arts, sumo term)
9.
to eat or drink something, to take illegal drugs
Other readings:
極める【きめる】

noun
1.
head (chief, director) of a section or department
2.
head of a (school) club, head of a (school) team
See also:倶楽部

Godan-su verb, intransitive verb
to begin to rain, to begin to snow
Other readings:
降りだす【ふりだす】

Godan-aru verb (special), transitive verb
to do(honorific language, usually kana)

na-adjective, adverbial noun, noun
very hard, with utmost effort, with all one's might, for dear life(yojijukugo)
See also:一所懸命
Other readings:
一生けん命【いっしょうけんめい】

noun, no-adjective
1.
check, plaid, checkered
noun, auxillary suru verb
2.
checking, monitoring, looking over, scrutinizing, inspecting
noun
3.
check (banking), cheque, bill (restaurant)
4.
check (chess)

noun
1.
thief, burglar, robber
noun, auxillary suru verb
2.
theft, burglary, robbery
Other readings:
泥坊【どろぼう】
ドロボー
どろぼー

noun
1.
seat
2.
location (of a gathering, etc.), place
3.
position, post

conjunction
and, thereupon, because of that(usually kana)

noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective, na-adjective
1.
opposition, resistance, antagonism, hostility, objection, dissent
noun, no-adjective
2.
reverse, opposite, inverse, contrary

noun
middle, centre, center, midpoint, heart
Other readings:
まん中【まんなか】

noun
festival, feast, carnival(polite language)
See also:祭り
Other readings:
お祭【おまつり】
御祭り【おまつり】
御祭【おまつり】

noun
1.
woods, forest, copse, thicket
2.
bunch, line (of something), collection

Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to start, to begin, to commence, to initiate, to originate(only relevant for 始める)
2.
to start up (a business, society, etc.), to open (e.g. a store), to establish
auxiliary verb, Ichidan verb
3.
to start ..., to begin to ...(only relevant for 始める)(after the -masu stem of a verb)
Other readings:
創める【はじめる】

noun
1.
daughter
2.
girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)

noun
1.
accessory (fashion), jewelry
2.
accessory (audio, car, camera, etc.)
Other readings:
アクセサリ

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to live, to exist
2.
to make a living, to subsist
3.
to be in effect, to be in use, to function
4.
to come to life, to be enlivened
5.
to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
Other readings:
活きる【いきる】

Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to fish, to angle, to catch
2.
to lure in, to tempt, to attract, to entice, to allure
See also:釣られる

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be late, to be delayed, to fall behind schedule, to be overdue(usu. 遅れる)
2.
to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.), to lag behind, to be behind (the times)(oft. 後れる)
3.
to be bereaved of, to be preceded by (someone) in death(oft. 後れる)
4.
to be slow (of a clock or watch)
Other readings:
後れる【おくれる】

noun
branch, bow, bough, twig, limb

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to cure, to heal(usu. 治す)
2.
to fix, to correct, to repair(usu. 直す)
auxiliary verb
3.
to do over again(after -masu base of verb; usu. 直す)
4.
to replace, to put back as it was(Kansai-ben (dialect), Kyoto-ben (dialect))(usu. 直す)
5.
to convert (into a different state), to transform(usu. 直す)
All readings:
治す【なおす】
直す【なおす】

noun
Shinto shrine
Other readings:
神社【じんしゃ】[1]
Notes:
  1. word containing irregular kana usage

noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
hurrying (to somewhere), rushing, hastening
See also:緩行 (antonym)
noun
2.
express (train)(abbreviation)
See also:急行列車

noun
1.
insect, bug, cricket, moth
2.
worm, roundworm
3.
one's emotions, one's feelings
4.
nervousness, fretfulness
5.
person devoted to one thing, single-minded person
6.
valve core
Other readings:
【むし】[1]
Notes:
  1. word containing out-dated kanji

Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to plant, to grow, to raise
2.
to insert, to transplant, to implant, to set (type)
3.
to inoculate (e.g. an infectious agent)
4.
to instill (idea, value, etc.), to inculcate

adjective
1.
shallow, superficial
See also:深い (antonym)
2.
slight (wound), light (sleep), pale (colour), inadequate (knowledge)
3.
short (time), early, young

noun
1.
America(usually kana)
2.
United States of America(usually kana)
Other readings:
アメリカ《亜墨利加》[1]
Notes:
  1. ateji (phonetic) reading

Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to bite
2.
to chew, to gnaw, to masticate
3.
to fumble one's words (esp. during a play, broadcast, etc.), to falter with one's words, to stutter, to stammer
4.
to crash against (e.g. of waves), to break onto (shore)
5.
to engage (of cogs, zippers, etc.), to mesh, to fit together
6.
to be involved in
See also:一枚噛む
7.
to convince, to persuade(archaism)(used by Edo period prostitutes)
Other readings:
咬む【かむ】
嚙む【かむ】
嚼む【かむ】
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