Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to break, to be smashed
2.
to split, to crack, to fissure, to be torn
3.
to be divided (opinion, vote, etc.), to split (e.g. of a party)
4.
to come to light, to become clear, to be identified, to be revealed
5.
to be distorted (of a sound)
6.
to be divisible (without a remainder)
7.
to go below a minimum
Other readings:
破れる【われる】
adjective
1.
shallow, superficial
2.
slight (wound), light (sleep), pale (colour), inadequate (knowledge)
3.
short (time), early, young
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be attached, to be connected with, to adhere, to stick, to cling
2.
to remain imprinted, to scar, to stain, to dye
3.
to bear (fruit, interest, etc.)
4.
to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.), to increase (of strength, etc.)
5.
to take root
6.
to accompany, to attend, to follow, to study with
7.
to side with, to belong to
8.
to possess, to haunt
See also:憑く
9.
to be lit, to be lighted
See also:点く
10.
to be settled, to be resolved, to be decided
11.
to be given (of a name, price, etc.)
12.
to be sensed, to be perceived
13.
to be lucky(from 運がつく)
suffix, Godan-ku verb
14.
to become (a state, condition, etc.)(after -masu stems, onomatopoeic and mimetic words)
See also:付く (づく)
noun
1.
slope, incline, hill
2.
milestone, (age) mark(e.g. 60の坂)
Other readings:
阪【さか】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go by, to go past, to go along, to travel along, to pass through, to use (a road), to take (a route), to go via, to go by way of
2.
to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.), to operate (between), to connect
3.
to go indoors, to go into a room, to be admitted, to be shown in, to be ushered in, to come in
4.
to penetrate, to pierce, to skewer, to go through, to come through
5.
to permeate, to soak into, to spread throughout
6.
to carry (e.g. of a voice), to reach far
7.
to be passed on (e.g. of a customer's order to the kitchen), to be relayed, to be conveyed
8.
to pass (a test, a bill in the House, etc.), to be approved, to be accepted
9.
to go by (a name), to be known as, to be accepted as, to have a reputation for
10.
to be coherent, to be logical, to be reasonable, to be comprehensible, to be understandable, to make sense
11.
to get across (e.g. of one's point), to be understood
12.
to pass for, to come across as, to seem like
13.
to be straight (e.g. wood grain)
14.
to be well-informed, to be wise(archaism)
suffix, Godan-ru verb
15.
to do ... completely, to do ... thoroughly(after the -masu stem of a verb)
Other readings:
徹る【とおる】
、透る【とおる】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to get better, to get well, to recover (from an illness), to be cured, to be restored, to heal
ajia
Common word
noun
•
Asia(usually kana)
All readings:
アジア《亜細亜》[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to visit, to call on, to pay a visit to
na-adjective, noun
1.
polite, courteous, civil
2.
careful, close, thorough, conscientious
Other readings:
叮嚀【ていねい】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to soak (in), to steep, to dip, to dunk
2.
to pickle, to preserve (in salt, vinegar, etc.)(only relevant for 漬ける)
Other readings:
浸ける【つける】
Godan-tsu verb, intransitive verb
•
to win, to gain victory
Other readings:
克つ【かつ】
、贏つ【かつ】
noun (temporal), adverbial noun
1.
the other day, lately, recently, during this period
2.
meanwhile, in the meantime(only relevant for このかん)
Other readings:
この間【このかん】
、此の間【このあいだ】
、此の間【このかん】
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
these days, nowadays, now, at present, recently, lately
Other readings:
この頃【このころ】[1]
、此の頃【このごろ】
、此の頃【このころ】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
no-adjective, adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
beginning, outset, first, onset
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
plans, arrangement, schedule, program, programme, expectation, estimate
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to decorate, to ornament, to adorn
2.
to display, to exhibit, to put on show, to arrange
3.
to mark (e.g. the day with a victory), to adorn (e.g. the front page), to grace (e.g. the cover)
4.
to affect (a manner), to keep up (appearances), to embellish, to dress up, to be showy, to be pretentious
Other readings:
餝る【かざる】[1]
、錺る【かざる】[1]
、荘る【かざる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to increase, to multiply(殖える usu. refers to population growth or capital appreciation)
Other readings:
殖える【ふえる】
noun
1.
2.
present brought by a visitor(polite language)
3.
something unpleasant that one is given (e.g. an illness while on vacation), unwelcome gift, disservice(polite language)
Other readings:
お土産【おみあげ】[1]
、御土産【おみやげ】
、御土産【おみあげ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
noun
•
harbour, harbor, port
Other readings:
湊【みなと】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to receive, to get
2.
to catch (e.g. a ball)
3.
to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.)
4.
to sustain (damage), to incur (a loss), to suffer (an injury), to feel (influence)
5.
to undergo (e.g. surgery), to take (a test), to accept (a challenge)
6.
to be given (e.g. life, talent)(esp. 受ける, 享ける)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
7.
to find funny, to find humorous, to be amused (by)(colloquialism, usually kana)(esp. ウケる)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
8.
to follow, to succeed, to be descended from(esp. 受ける, 享ける)
9.
to face (south, etc.)
10.
to be modified by(linguistics)(esp. 受ける, 承ける)
11.
to obtain (a pawned item, etc.) by paying a fee(esp. 請ける, now primarily used in compound words)
See also:請け出す
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
12.
to be well-received, to become popular, to go down well(usually kana)(esp. ウケる, うける)
Other readings:
請ける【うける】
、承ける【うける】
、享ける【うける】
、ウケる
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to finish, to end, to be completed
2.
to merely result in something less severe than expected
3.
to feel at ease
4.
to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone, to be sorry(in the negative)
Other readings:
濟む【すむ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go to and from (a place), to go back and forth between, to run between (e.g. bus, train, etc.), to ply between
2.
to go to (school, work, etc.), to attend, to commute, to frequent
4.
to resemble
adverb
1.
surely, undoubtedly, almost certainly, most likely (e.g. 90 percent)(usually kana, onomatopia)
2.
sternly, severely(usually kana, onomatopia)(esp. キッと)
3.
having no slack, rigid, stiff, tight(usually kana, onomatopia)
4.
suddenly, abruptly, instantly(usually kana, onomatopia, archaism)
Other readings:
きっと《急度》[1]
、キッと
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to pass through, to pass by, to go beyond
2.
to pass (i.e. of time), to elapse
3.
to have expired, to have ended, to be over
4.
to exceed, to surpass, to be above
5.
to be no more than ...(as 〜に過ぎない, etc.)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb, suffix
6.
to be excessive, to be too much, to be too ...(usually kana)(often used after adj. stems or the -masu stems of verbs)
na-adjective
1.
enough, sufficient, plenty, adequate, satisfactory
adverb
2.
sufficiently, fully, thoroughly, well, perfectly
noun, auxillary suru verb
3.
division into ten(only relevant for 十分)
Other readings:
充分【じゅうぶん】
noun
1.
outline, main points, gist, substance, essence(usually kana)
adverb
2.
generally, on the whole, mostly, almost, nearly, approximately, roughly, about(usually kana)
no-adjective
3.
general, rough(usually kana)
adverb
4.
in the first place, first and foremost, from the start, to begin with(usually kana)
biru
Common word
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to pray, to wish
Other readings:
祷る【いのる】
noun
1.
distinction, difference, discrimination
no-adjective, na-adjective, noun
2.
separate, different, another, extra
noun
3.
noun (suffix)
4.
classified by, ranked by, according to
See also:男女別
Other readings:
別【べち】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
1.
citizen, citizenry, public
2.
city inhabitant, townspeople
3.
bourgeoisie, middle class
noun
1.
thanks, gratitude(polite language)
2.
manners, etiquette(polite language)
3.
bow(polite language)
4.
reward, gift(polite language)
5.
ceremony, ritual(polite language)
Other readings:
御礼【おれい】
、御礼【おんれい】
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
•
to cease, to stop, to be over
Other readings:
已む【やむ】
、罷む【やむ】
noun, no-adjective
1.
substitute, replacement, substituting, replacing
2.
stand-in, proxy, alternate, deputy, relief, successor
noun
3.
4.
5.
Other readings:
替わり【かわり】
、代り【かわり】
、替り【かわり】
noun
1.
flavor, flavour, taste
2.
charm, appeal, uniqueness, attractiveness
3.
experience, taste (e.g. of victory)
na-adjective
4.
smart, clever, witty, strange
See also:味な
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to ask, to enquire, to inquire
2.
to search, to look for, to look into, to investigate
Other readings:
訊ねる【たずねる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to compare, to make a comparison
2.
to compete, to vie
See also:力比べ
Other readings:
較べる【くらべる】
、競べる【くらべる】
na-adjective, no-adjective, noun
•
a long time (since the last time), first in a long time
Other readings:
久し振り【ひさしぶり】
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