Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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noun
1.
viewpoint, point of view
2.
way of understanding, way of appreciating, how to look at something (e.g. noh, train schedule)(esp. 〜の見方)
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
resemblance, similarity, likeness, analogy
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to turn up, to roll up (e.g. sleeves)(usually kana)
auxiliary verb, Godan-ru verb
2.
to do over and over again, to do relentlessly, to do with reckless abandon(usually kana)
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
3.
to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.), to come from behind(slang, usually kana)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to straddle, to sit astride, to mount(usually kana)
2.
to extend over, to spread over, to span, to extend into(usually kana)
All readings:
またがる《跨る》
、またがる《跨がる》
、またがる《股がる》
noun, no-adjective
1.
darkness, the dark
noun
2.
bewilderment, despair, hopelessness
3.
hidden place, secrecy, oblivion
noun, no-adjective
4.
black market, shady trading, underhand transactions, illegal channels
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
•
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
noun
1.
wages, pay
2.
rental payment(only relevant for ちんきん)
Other readings:
賃金【ちんきん】
、賃銀【ちんぎん】
adjective
1.
fleeting, transient, short-lived, momentary, ephemeral, fickle, vain(usually kana)
2.
empty (dream, etc.), mere (hope), faint (possibility)(usually kana)
All readings:
はかない《儚い》
、はかない《果敢ない》
、はかない《果敢無い》
、はかない《果無い》
、はかない《果ない》
、はかない《果敢い》[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
guidance, lead, acting as guide
2.
guide, primer, guidebook, handbook, manual
3.
influence, connections, introduction, good offices
Other readings:
手引【てびき】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to end, to be finished, to be exhausted
2.
to die, to perish
Ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
3.
to do utterly, to do completely(indicates an extreme has been reached)
noun
1.
passenger
2.
traveller, traveler, tourist
Other readings:
旅客【りょきゃく】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
reflection, reverberation(physics term)
2.
reflex, reflexes(biology term)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to be temperate in, to refrain, to abstain, to hold back, to restrain oneself from excessive ...
2.
to make notes, to jot down (e.g. phone number)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
3.
to be in preparation for, to be in waiting for
4.
to be soon, to be in the offing
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
5.
to be in a close relationship (e.g. as a backer, etc.)
Other readings:
扣える【ひかえる】
noun
1.
karma(Buddhist term)
2.
result of one's karma, fate, destiny
3.
uncontrollable temper
See also:業を煮やす
noun
1.
great numbers (of people), numerical superiority, masses
noun, noun (suffix)
2.
people, folk, clique, bunch(honorific language, familiar language)
Other readings:
衆【しゅ】
monitaa
Common word
Common word
adjective
•
easily mixed up (e.g. similar words), easily mistaken, confusingly similar, misleading, equivocal, ambiguous
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
decomposition, putrefaction, putrescence, spoilage
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
2.
corruption, degeneracy, decay, depravity
noun (suffix), noun
1.
right (to do something)
noun, noun (suffix)
2.
authority, power
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to be frugal, to be sparing
2.
to value, to hold dear
3.
to regret (e.g. a loss), to feel sorry (for)
4.
to be unwilling, to be reluctant
Other readings:
吝しむ【おしむ】[1]
、愛しむ【おしむ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
kurai
Common word
suffix, particle
1.
approximately, about, around, or so(also written as 位)
2.
to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least
3.
as ... as ..., like
All readings:
くらい
、ぐらい
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
declining, refusal, nonacceptance, turning down, withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy), pulling out (e.g. of a race), excusing oneself
noun
1.
aim, object, purpose, end
2.
expectations, prospects, hopes
3.
something that can be relied upon
4.
snack served with alcoholic drink(Kansai-ben (dialect))
noun (suffix)
5.
pad, guard
noun (suffix), noun (prefix)
6.
blow, strike
suffix
7.
addressed to(only relevant for 宛 and 宛て)
8.
per(usually kana)(also written as 充て)
Other readings:
宛【あて】
、宛て【あて】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
structure, construction, arrangement, contrivance, mechanism, workings
2.
plan, plot, contrivance
Other readings:
仕組【しくみ】
no-adjective, taru-adjective, to-adverb
•
open, public, official, overt
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to return, to come back, to go back(esp. 返る)
2.
to turn over
See also:裏返る
suffix, Godan-ru verb
3.
to become extremely, to become completely(after the -masu stem of a verb; esp. 返る)
Other readings:
反る【かえる】
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
room
2.
wife (of someone of high rank)(obscure)
3.
scabbard(obscure)
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