Vocabulary list for JLPT N4

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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be seen, to be in sight
2.
to look, to seem, to appear
3.
to come(honorific language)

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to drop, to lose, to let fall, to shed (light), to cast (one's gaze), to pour in (liquid), to leave behind
2.
to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair), to lose, to spend money at a certain place, to omit, to leave out, to secretly let escape
3.
to lose (a match), to reject (an applicant), to fail (a course), to defeat (in an election)
4.
to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice), to lessen (e.g. production or body weight), to worsen (quality), to reduce (e.g. rank or popularity), to speak badly of, to make light of, to fall into straitened circumstances
5.
to fall into (e.g. a dilemma or sin), to make one's own, to have one's bid accepted, to force surrender, to take (e.g. an enemy camp or castle), to forcefully convince, to press for a confession, to deal with
6.
to download, to copy from a computer to another medium(computer term)
7.
to make someone swoon (judo)(martial arts)
8.
to finish a story (e.g. with the punch line)
9.
to finish (a period, e.g. of fasting)
Other readings:
落す【おとす】

noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
boarding, lodging, board and lodging, room and board
noun
2.
boarding house, lodging house, lodgings

noun
glove, mitten, mitt
Other readings:
手ぶくろ【てぶくろ】

Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to start, to begin, to commence, to initiate, to originate(only relevant for 始める)
2.
to start up (a business, society, etc.), to open (e.g. a store), to establish
auxiliary verb, Ichidan verb
3.
to start ..., to begin to ...(only relevant for 始める)(after the -masu stem of a verb)
Other readings:
創める【はじめる】

noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
pronunciation
2.
production of sound

もう
moushiageru
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to say, to tell, to state, to express, to offer, to extend (greetings, congratulations, etc.)(humble language)
auxiliary verb
2.
to do(humble language)
Other readings:
申上げる【もうしあげる】
申しあげる【もうしあげる】

adjective
1.
severe, strict, rigid, unsparing, relentless
2.
hard (to do), difficult, tricky
3.
intense (e.g. cold), harsh (weather), inclement
Other readings:
酷しい【きびしい】

noun
small bird, little bird

adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
this evening, tonight

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
to remain, to be left
Other readings:
遺る【のこる】

Godan-su verb, intransitive verb
to move (house), to change residence
Other readings:
引越す【ひきこす】[1]
引き越す【ひきこす】
引っこす【ひっこす】
Notes:
  1. irregular okurigana usage

adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
lunch break, noon recess, noon rest period

noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
reserve, constraint, restraint, modesty, diffidence, hesitation, holding back, discretion, tact, thoughtfulness
2.
declining, refraining
3.
forethought, foresight(orig. meaning)

noun
1.
train (esp. long distance train)
2.
steam train(orig. meaning)

adjective
scary, frightening, eerie, dreadful
Other readings:
恐い【こわい】

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to break, to destroy, to demolish
2.
to wreck, to ruin, to spoil, to damage
3.
to break (a bill, etc.)
Other readings:
毀す【こわす】

noun
1.
vehicle, conveyance, transport
2.
ride (playground, fair, carnival), playground facility
Other readings:
乗物【のりもの】

Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to step on, to tread on, to trample on
2.
to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil), to stand on, to visit
3.
to experience, to undergo
4.
to follow (rules, principles, etc.), to go through (e.g. formalities), to complete
5.
to estimate, to guess, to judge, to value, to appraise
6.
to rhyme
See also:韻を踏む
7.
to succeed to (e.g. the throne)
Other readings:
履む【ふむ】
践む【ふむ】

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
to gather, to collect, to assemble
Other readings:
集る【あつまる】[1]
Notes:
  1. irregular okurigana usage

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to get angry, to get mad
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
2.
to tell someone off, to scold(only relevant for おこる)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
3.
to be angular, to be square(only relevant for いかる)
Other readings:
怒る【いかる】
瞋る【いかる】[1]
Notes:
  1. word containing out-dated kanji

noun
1.
(my) wife(humble language)(only relevant for かない)
2.
inside the home, one's family
Other readings:
家内【やうち】[1]
Notes:
  1. out-dated or obsolete kana usage

Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go to and from (a place), to go back and forth between, to run between (e.g. bus, train, etc.), to ply between
2.
to go to (school, work, etc.), to attend, to commute, to frequent
3.
to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity), to be communicated (e.g. thought)
4.
to resemble

noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
hurrying (to somewhere), rushing, hastening
See also:緩行 (antonym)
noun
2.
express (train)(abbreviation)
See also:急行列車

Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be in time (for)
2.
to serve (suit, meet) the purpose, to be good enough, to be enough, to manage, to make do
Other readings:
間にあう【まにあう】

adjective
1.
soft, tender, pliant, supple, limber, limp
2.
gentle, mild, mellow
3.
informal, light, flexible (e.g. thinking)
Other readings:
軟らかい【やわらかい】
柔かい【やわらかい】[1]
Notes:
  1. irregular okurigana usage

noun
1.
(another's) daughter(polite language)
See also:お嬢様
2.
young lady
Other readings:
御嬢さん【おじょうさん】

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be broken, to break
2.
to fall through, to come to nothing
Other readings:
毀れる【こわれる】

Godan-u verb, transitive verb
1.
to pay (e.g. money, bill)
2.
to brush off, to wipe away, to clear away, to dust off, to cut off (e.g. branches)
3.
to drive away (e.g. one's competitors)
4.
to sell off (something unneeded), to dispose of
5.
to pay (e.g. attention), to show (e.g. respect, concern)
6.
to make (e.g. effort, sacrifice), to expend, to exert
7.
to move out (of one's own place), to vacate
8.
to sweep (e.g. one's legs), to knock aside
9.
to make a sweeping stroke (in Japanese calligraphy)
10.
to reset (an abacus)

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
to increase, to multiply(殖える usu. refers to population growth or capital appreciation)
See also:減る (antonym)
Other readings:
殖える【ふえる】

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to say, to be called(humble language)
2.
to do(humble language)(after a word beginning with お- or ご-)

Godan-gu verb, intransitive verb, transitive verb
to hurry, to rush, to hasten, to make something happen sooner

noun
toy, plaything(usually kana)
Other readings:
がんぐ《玩具》
がんぐ《翫具》
オモチャ

Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to decide, to choose, to determine, to make up one's mind, to resolve, to set one's heart on, to settle, to arrange, to set, to appoint, to fix
2.
to clinch (a victory), to decide (the outcome of a match)
3.
to persist in doing, to go through with
4.
to always do, to have made a habit of(as 決めている)
5.
to take for granted, to assume
6.
to dress up, to dress to kill, to dress to the nines
7.
to carry out successfully (a move in sports, a pose in dance, etc.), to succeed in doing
8.
to immobilize with a double-arm lock (in sumo, judo, etc.)(martial arts, sumo term)
9.
to eat or drink something, to take illegal drugs
Other readings:
極める【きめる】

noun, na-adjective
inconvenience, inexpediency, unhandiness

noun
1.
cotton (material)
2.
red silk-cotton tree (Bombax ceiba)(usually kana)(only relevant for きわた)
Other readings:
木綿【きわた】
木棉【きわた】

noun
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard, reason, cause, meaning, circumstances, situation(usually kana)

Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to laugh
2.
to smile
3.
to sneer, to ridicule(esp. 嗤う)
4.
to be dumbfounded, to be flabbergasted(as 笑ってしまう or 笑っちゃう)
Other readings:
咲う【わらう】
嗤う【わらう】

norikaeru
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to transfer (trains), to change (bus, train)
2.
to change (to another ideology, party, company, etc.), to switch (to a different system, method, etc.), to move on to (e.g. a new love interest)
Other readings:
乗りかえる【のりかえる】
乗換える【のりかえる】
乗り替える【のりかえる】
乗替える【のりかえる】

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
to pull out, to take out, to draw out, to withdraw
Other readings:
引出す【ひきだす】
引きだす【ひきだす】

adjective
1.
deep
See also:浅い (antonym)
2.
profound
3.
dense, thick
4.
close (relationship)
5.
intense, strong
6.
late

Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to face
2.
to go towards, to head towards
Other readings:
向う【むかう】
対う【むかう】

expression, Godan-tsu verb
to be helpful, to be useful
Other readings:
役にたつ【やくにたつ】
やくに立つ【やくにたつ】

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to boil, to heat(only relevant for 沸かす)
2.
to excite(only relevant for 沸かす)
3.
to melt (metal)(archaism)
Other readings:
鎔かす【わかす】

Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to part (usu. of people), to part from, to part with, to be apart from
2.
to separate (of a couple), to break up, to divorce
3.
to lose (e.g. one's mother), to be bereaved

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
to do(humble language, usually kana)

Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to transcribe, to duplicate, to reproduce, to imitate, to trace
2.
to describe
3.
to film, to picture, to photograph

Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to come down, to go down, to fall, to drop, to sink, to get lower
See also:上がる (antonym)
2.
to hang, to dangle
3.
to move back, to step back, to withdraw, to retire
4.
to deteriorate, to fall off, to be downgraded
5.
to get closer to the present day
6.
to go south(in Kyoto)
Other readings:
下る【さがる】[1]
Notes:
  1. irregular okurigana usage

Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to advance, to go forward
2.
to precede, to go ahead (of)
3.
to make progress, to improve
4.
to deepen, to heighten
5.
to be fast (of a clock), to be ahead
6.
to do of one's own free will
See also:進んで
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