Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to fall down, to drop, to fall (e.g. rain), to sink (e.g. sun or moon), to fall onto (e.g. light or one's gaze), to be used in a certain place (e.g. money)
2.
to be omitted, to be missing
3.
to decrease, to sink
4.
to fail (e.g. exam or class), to lose (contest, election, etc.)
5.
to crash, to degenerate, to degrade, to fall behind
6.
to become indecent (of a conversation)
7.
to be ruined, to go under
8.
to fade, to come out (e.g. a stain), to come off (e.g. makeup), to be removed (e.g. illness, possessing spirit, name on a list)
See also:狐が落ちる (きつねがおちる)
9.
to fall (into someone's hands), to become someone's possession
10.
to fall (into a trap), to fall (for a trick)
11.
to give in, to give up, to confess, to flee
12.
to fall, to be defeated, to surrender
13.
to come to (in the end), to end in
14.
to fall (in love, asleep, etc.)
15.
to swoon (judo)
16.
to consent, to understand
See also:腑に落ちない (ふにおちない)
17.
to go down (of a website, server, etc.), to crash(computer term)
18.
to log out (of an online game, chat room, etc.), to drop out, to leave, to go offline(slang)
19.
to die(of animals)
20.
to move to the depths(of fish when it gets cold)
21.
to go down (of a website, server, etc.)(computer term)
Other readings:
堕ちる【おちる】
、墜ちる【おちる】
、落る【おちる】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
culture, civilization, civilisation
2.
Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
un
Common word
interjection
1.
yes, yeah, uh huh
2.
hum, hmmm, well, erm
3.
oof(only relevant for うん)(moan or groan (of pain))
Other readings:
うむ
、ううむ
na-adjective, noun
1.
sure, certain, positive, definite
2.
reliable, trustworthy, safe, sound, firm, accurate, correct, exact
adverb
3.
If I'm not mistaken, If I remember correctly, If I remember rightly
Other readings:
確【たしか】[1]
、慥か【たしか】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to get dirty, to become dirty
2.
to become sullied, to become corrupted, to lose one's chastity
See also:汚れる (けがれる)
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to laugh
2.
to smile
3.
to sneer, to ridicule(esp. 嗤う)
4.
to be dumbfounded, to be flabbergasted(as 笑ってしまう or 笑っちゃう)
Other readings:
咲う【わらう】
、嗤う【わらう】
adverb, to-adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
tightly (holding on), firmly, securely(usually kana, onomatopia)
2.
strongly (built), solidly, sturdily, steadily(usually kana, onomatopia)
3.
properly, well, sufficiently, hard (working, etc.), fully, completely(usually kana, onomatopia)
4.
reliably, dependably, levelheadedly, shrewdly, wisely, cleverly(usually kana, onomatopia)
Other readings:
しっかり《聢り》
sukkari
Common word
adverb, to-adverb
•
all, completely, totally, entirely, thoroughly(onomatopia)
repooto
Common word
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
report, paper
2.
reportage
Other readings:
リポート
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to think (about, of), to think over, to ponder, to contemplate, to reflect (on), to meditate (on)
2.
to consider, to bear in mind, to allow for, to take into consideration
3.
to think (that), to believe, to hold (a view), to judge, to conclude, to suspect
4.
to intend (to do), to think of (doing), to plan
5.
to predict, to anticipate, to expect, to imagine
6.
to come up with, to think up, to contrive, to devise
7.
to consider (as), to regard (as), to look on (as), to take, to view
Other readings:
勘える【かんがえる】
、稽える【かんがえる】
noun
1.
laboratory
2.
seminar room
3.
professor's office
noun
1.
outline, main points, gist, substance, essence(usually kana)
adverb
2.
generally, on the whole, mostly, almost, nearly, approximately, roughly, about(usually kana)
no-adjective
3.
general, rough(usually kana)
adverb
4.
in the first place, first and foremost, from the start, to begin with(usually kana)
noun
1.
grass, weed, herb, thatch
2.
ninja(archaism)
prefix
3.
not genuine, substandard
expression
4.
Other readings:
艸【くさ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
1.
to grow hot (e.g. water), to boil
2.
to get excited (at), to erupt (in applause, cheering, etc.), to be in a ferment, to take place energetically
3.
to ferment
4.
to melt (of metal)
adjective
•
beautiful, pretty, lovely, sweet, pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
Other readings:
愛しい【うつくしい】
noun
1.
(my) wife(humble language)(only relevant for かない)
2.
inside the home, one's family
Other readings:
家内【やうち】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to fish, to angle, to catch
2.
to lure in, to tempt, to attract, to entice, to allure
See also:釣られる
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb, transitive verb
1.
to open, to undo, to unseal, to unpack
2.
to bloom, to unfold, to spread out
3.
to open (for business, e.g. in the morning)
4.
to be wide (gap, etc.), to widen
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
5.
to hold (meeting, party, etc.), to give, to open
6.
to found (nation, dynasty, sect, etc.), to open (a new business), to set up, to establish, to start
7.
to open (ports, borders, etc.)
8.
to open (an account)
9.
to open up (new land, path, etc.), to clear, to develop
See also:拓く
10.
to open (a file, etc.)(computer term)
11.
to extract (root), to reduce (equation)(mathematics)
12.
to cut open (fish)(food term)(as 魚を開く)
13.
to change (kanji into hiragana)
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
14.
to flare (e.g. skirt)
15.
to slacken (into a poor posture)(sports term)(as 体が開く, 肩が開く, etc.)
no-adjective, noun
1.
international
noun
2.
diplomatic intercourse(obsolete)
adjective
1.
hard, solid, tough(esp. 固い and 堅い for wood, 硬い for metal and stone)
2.
stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing)
3.
strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved)
4.
safe, steady, honest, steadfast
5.
obstinate, stubborn
6.
bookish, formal, stuffy
Other readings:
固い【かたい】
、堅い【かたい】
、緊い【かたい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
na-adjective, noun
1.
polite, courteous, civil
2.
careful, close, thorough, conscientious
Other readings:
叮嚀【ていねい】
noun
1.
auxillary suru verb
2.
to treat (someone, e.g. to a meal)
Other readings:
御馳走【ごちそう】
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to paint, to plaster, to lacquer, to varnish, to spread, to smear, to put up (wallpaper)
noun
1.
citizen, citizenry, public
2.
city inhabitant, townspeople
3.
bourgeoisie, middle class
sonna
Common word
noun
1.
surface
2.
face (i.e. the visible side of an object)
3.
front (of a building, etc.), obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin
4.
outside, exterior
5.
appearance
6.
public
7.
8.
cover (for tatami mats, etc.)
9.
foreground(computer term)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
reserve, constraint, restraint, modesty, diffidence, hesitation, holding back, discretion, tact, thoughtfulness
2.
declining, refraining
3.
forethought, foresight(orig. meaning)
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