Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
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na-adjective
1.
important, serious, crucial
2.
valuable, precious
noun
3.
serious matter, major incident, matter of grave concern, crisis
See also:大事 (おおごと)
4.
great undertaking, great enterprise, great thing
na-adjective
5.
irassharu
Common word
Godan-aru verb (special), intransitive verb
1.
to come, to go, to be (somewhere)(honorific language)(sometimes erroneously written 居らっしゃる)
Godan-aru verb (special), auxiliary verb
2.
to be (doing)(honorific language)(after a -te form, or the particle "de")
noun
1.
grass, weed, herb, thatch
2.
ninja(archaism)
prefix
3.
not genuine, substandard
expression
4.
Other readings:
艸【くさ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun
1.
economy, economics
2.
finance, (one's) finances, financial circumstances
3.
being economical, economy, thrift
adverbial noun
1.
once, one time, on one occasion
2.
temporarily, for a moment(only relevant for ひとたび)
3.
one degree, one tone, one musical interval(only relevant for いちど)
Other readings:
一度【ひとたび】
、１度【いちど】
、１度【ひとたび】
、一たび【ひとたび】
、ひと度【ひとたび】
、一とたび【ひとたび】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-gu verb, intransitive verb, transitive verb
•
to hurry, to rush, to hasten, to make something happen sooner
adjective
1.
right, correct
2.
proper, righteous, just, honest, truthful, lawful
ajia
Common word
noun
•
Asia(usually kana)
All readings:
アジア《亜細亜》[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to resemble, to look like, to take after
2.
to be similar (in status, condition, etc.), to be close, to be alike, to be like
na-adjective, noun, auxillary suru verb
•
relief, peace of mind
Other readings:
安神【あんしん】
un
Common word
interjection
1.
yes, yeah, uh huh
2.
hum, hmmm, well, erm
3.
oof(only relevant for うん)(moan or groan (of pain))
Other readings:
うむ
、ううむ
noun
1.
surface
2.
face (i.e. the visible side of an object)
3.
front (of a building, etc.), obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin
4.
outside, exterior
5.
appearance
6.
public
7.
8.
cover (for tatami mats, etc.)
9.
foreground(computer term)
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to face
2.
to go towards, to head towards
Other readings:
向う【むかう】
、対う【むかう】
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to transcribe, to duplicate, to reproduce, to imitate, to trace
2.
to describe
3.
to film, to picture, to photograph
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
relation, relationship, connection
2.
participation, involvement, concern
3.
influence, effect
noun, auxillary suru verb
4.
sexual relations, sexual relationship
noun (suffix)
5.
related to, connected to
noun
•
interest (in something), curiosity (about something), zest (for)
noun, no-adjective
1.
woman, female
2.
feminine gender(linguistics)(only relevant for じょせい)
Other readings:
女性【にょしょう】
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
future (usually near), prospects
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to lose, to be defeated
2.
to succumb, to give in, to surrender, to yield(only relevant for 負ける)
3.
to be inferior to(only relevant for 負ける)
4.
to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)(only relevant for 負ける)
See also:気触れる (かぶれる)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
5.
to reduce the price, to give a discount, to throw in (something extra) for free(only relevant for 負ける)
Other readings:
敗ける【まける】
、敗北る【まける】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to turn, to revolve
See also:ぐるぐる
2.
to visit several places
3.
to function well
4.
to pass a certain time
Other readings:
廻る【まわる】
yatto
Common word
adverb
1.
at last, at length(onomatopia)
2.
barely, narrowly, just, by the skin of one's teeth(onomatopia)
sukkari
Common word
adverb, to-adverb
•
all, completely, totally, entirely, thoroughly(onomatopia)
noun
1.
miso, fermented condiment usu. made from soybeans(food term)
2.
innards (from crabs, shrimps, etc.) resembling miso
3.
key (main) point, good part (of something)
See also:手前味噌 (てまえみそ)
4.
expression
5.
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb, transitive verb
1.
to open, to undo, to unseal, to unpack
2.
to bloom, to unfold, to spread out
3.
to open (for business, e.g. in the morning)
4.
to be wide (gap, etc.), to widen
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
5.
to hold (meeting, party, etc.), to give, to open
6.
to found (nation, dynasty, sect, etc.), to open (a new business), to set up, to establish, to start
7.
to open (ports, borders, etc.)
8.
to open (an account)
9.
to open up (new land, path, etc.), to clear, to develop
See also:拓く
10.
to open (a file, etc.)(computer term)
11.
to extract (root), to reduce (equation)(mathematics)
12.
to cut open (fish)(food term)(as 魚を開く)
13.
to change (kanji into hiragana)
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
14.
to flare (e.g. skirt)
15.
to slacken (into a poor posture)(sports term)(as 体が開く, 肩が開く, etc.)
noun
1.
(husked grains of) rice
2.
88 years old(only relevant for よね)(米 is composed of 八十八)
Other readings:
米【よね】[1]
、米【めめ】[1]
、コメ
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to stop (an activity), to cease, to discontinue, to end, to quit(usually kana)(only relevant for 止める and 已める)
2.
to cancel, to abandon, to give up, to abolish, to abstain, to refrain(usually kana)
Other readings:
やめる《已める》
、やめる《廃める》
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to drop, to lose, to let fall, to shed (light), to cast (one's gaze), to pour in (liquid), to leave behind
2.
to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.), to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair), to lose, to spend money at a certain place, to omit, to leave out, to secretly let escape
3.
to lose (a match), to reject (an applicant), to fail (a course), to defeat (in an election)
4.
to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice), to lessen (e.g. production or body weight), to worsen (quality), to reduce (e.g. rank or popularity), to speak badly of, to make light of, to fall into straitened circumstances
5.
to fall into (e.g. a dilemma or sin), to make one's own, to have one's bid accepted, to force surrender, to take (e.g. an enemy camp or castle), to forcefully convince, to press for a confession, to deal with
6.
to download, to copy from a computer to another medium(computer term)
7.
to make someone swoon (judo)(martial arts)
8.
to finish a story (e.g. with the punch line)
9.
to finish (a period, e.g. of fasting)
Other readings:
落す【おとす】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to get better, to get well, to recover (from an illness), to be cured, to be restored, to heal
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