Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to resemble, to look like, to take after
2.
to be similar (in status, condition, etc.), to be close, to be alike, to be like
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be seen, to be in sight
2.
to look, to seem, to appear
3.
to come(honorific language)
Common word
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to say, to tell, to state, to express, to offer, to extend (greetings, congratulations, etc.)(humble language)
auxiliary verb
2.
to do(humble language)
Other readings:
申上げる【もうしあげる】
、申しあげる【もうしあげる】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be decided, to be settled
2.
to look good in (clothes)
Other readings:
決る【きまる】[1]
、極る【きまる】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to think (about, of), to think over, to ponder, to contemplate, to reflect (on), to meditate (on)
2.
to consider, to bear in mind, to allow for, to take into consideration
3.
to think (that), to believe, to hold (a view), to judge, to conclude, to suspect
4.
to intend (to do), to think of (doing), to plan
5.
to predict, to anticipate, to expect, to imagine
6.
to come up with, to think up, to contrive, to devise
7.
to consider (as), to regard (as), to look on (as), to take, to view
Other readings:
勘える【かんがえる】
、稽える【かんがえる】
noun, no-adjective
1.
industry
noun
2.
livelihood, occupation(archaism)
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb, transitive verb
1.
to open, to undo, to unseal, to unpack
2.
to bloom, to unfold, to spread out
3.
to open (for business, e.g. in the morning)
4.
to be wide (gap, etc.), to widen
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
5.
to hold (meeting, party, etc.), to give, to open
6.
to found (nation, dynasty, sect, etc.), to open (a new business), to set up, to establish, to start
7.
to open (ports, borders, etc.)
8.
to open (an account)
9.
to open up (new land, path, etc.), to clear, to develop
See also:拓く
10.
to open (a file, etc.)(computer term)
11.
to extract (root), to reduce (equation)(mathematics)
12.
to cut open (fish)(food term)(as 魚を開く)
13.
to change (kanji into hiragana)
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
14.
to flare (e.g. skirt)
15.
to slacken (into a poor posture)(sports term)(as 体が開く, 肩が開く, etc.)
noun
•
dictionary, lexicon
Other readings:
辞典【ことばてん】
、辭典【じてん】[1]
、辭典【ことばてん】[1]
、ことば典【ことばてん】
、言葉典【ことばてん】
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to fish, to angle, to catch
2.
to lure in, to tempt, to attract, to entice, to allure
See also:釣られる
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
1.
to open (e.g. doors)(esp. 開く)
2.
to open (e.g. business, etc.)(esp. 開く)
3.
to be empty(esp. 空く)
4.
to be vacant, to be available, to be free(esp. 空く)
5.
to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.)(esp. 明く)
6.
to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)(esp. 明く)
7.
to come to an end(esp. 明く)
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
8.
to open (one's eyes, mouth, etc.)(esp. 明く)
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
9.
to have a hole, to form a gap, to have an interval (between events)
See also:穴が開く
All readings:
開く【あく】
、空く【あく】
、明く【あく】
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective, na-adjective
1.
opposition, resistance, antagonism, hostility, objection, dissent
noun, no-adjective
2.
reverse, opposite, inverse, contrary
noun
1.
force, strength, might, vigour, vigor, energy
2.
capability, ability, proficiency, capacity, faculty
3.
efficacy, effect
4.
effort, endeavours, endeavors, exertions
5.
power, authority, influence, good offices, agency
6.
support, help, aid, assistance
See also:力になる
7.
stress, emphasis
8.
means, resources
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to step on, to tread on, to trample on
2.
to set foot on (e.g. foreign soil), to stand on, to visit
3.
to experience, to undergo
4.
to follow (rules, principles, etc.), to go through (e.g. formalities), to complete
5.
to estimate, to guess, to judge, to value, to appraise
6.
to rhyme
See also:韻を踏む
7.
to succeed to (e.g. the throne)
Other readings:
履む【ふむ】
、践む【ふむ】
noun
•
senior (at work or school), superior, elder, older graduate, progenitor, old-timer
See also:後輩 (こうはい)
sorosoro
Common word
adverb, to-adverb
1.
slowly, quietly, steadily, gradually, gingerly(onomatopia)
2.
soon, momentarily, before long, any time now(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ソロソロ
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to descend (e.g. a mountain), to go down, to come down(esp. 下りる)
2.
to alight (e.g. from bus), to get off, to disembark, to dismount(esp. 降りる)
3.
to step down, to retire, to give up, to quit, to fold
4.
to be granted, to be issued, to be given(esp. 下りる)
5.
to form (of frost, dew, mist, etc.)(esp. 降りる)
6.
All readings:
降りる【おりる】
、下りる【おりる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to notify, to advise, to inform
Other readings:
報せる【しらせる】
adjective
1.
hard, solid, tough(esp. 固い and 堅い for wood, 硬い for metal and stone)
2.
stiff, tight, wooden, unpolished (e.g. writing)
3.
strong, firm (not viscous or easily moved)
4.
safe, steady, honest, steadfast
5.
obstinate, stubborn
6.
bookish, formal, stuffy
Other readings:
固い【かたい】
、堅い【かたい】
、緊い【かたい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
1.
place, location, spot, position
2.
room, space
3.
basho, wrestling tournament(sumo term)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to live, to exist
2.
to make a living, to subsist
3.
to be in effect, to be in use, to function
4.
to come to life, to be enlivened
5.
to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)
Other readings:
活きる【いきる】
Godan-aru verb (special), transitive verb
•
to do(honorific language, usually kana)
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to cure, to heal(usu. 治す)
2.
to fix, to correct, to repair(usu. 直す)
auxiliary verb
3.
to do over again(after -masu base of verb; usu. 直す)
4.
to replace, to put back as it was(Kansai-ben (dialect), Kyoto-ben (dialect))(usu. 直す)
5.
to convert (into a different state), to transform(usu. 直す)
All readings:
治す【なおす】
、直す【なおす】
a
Common word
interjection
1.
ah, oh(expression of surprise, recollection, etc.)
2.
hey!(used to get someone's attention)
Other readings:
アッ
、アっ[1]
、あ
、ア
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
adjective
1.
soft, tender, pliant, supple, limber, limp
2.
gentle, mild, mellow
3.
informal, light, flexible (e.g. thinking)
Other readings:
軟らかい【やわらかい】
、柔かい【やわらかい】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to burn, to be roasted, to be heated, to be sunburnt, to fade (in the sun), to glow red (i.e. of the sky at sunset)(only relevant for 焼ける)
2.
to be jealous, to be envious
Other readings:
灼ける【やける】
、妬ける【やける】
noun
•
eraser, rubber
Other readings:
消ゴム【けしゴム】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to get angry, to get mad
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
2.
to tell someone off, to scold(only relevant for おこる)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
3.
to be angular, to be square(only relevant for いかる)
Other readings:
怒る【いかる】
、瞋る【いかる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun
1.
twice, double
counter
2.
times, -fold
3.
1-nth, 1 to n, 1 in n(e.g. 40倍 - 1 in 40)
noun
1.
not exceeding, and downward, ... and below
2.
below (e.g. standard), under (e.g. a level)
3.
the below-mentioned, the following, the rest
Other readings:
以下【いげ】
、已下【いか】
、已下【いげ】
noun
•
grape, grapevine(usually kana)
Other readings:
ブドウ
、えび《葡萄》[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
1.
water supply, water service, waterworks
2.
channel, strait
3.
water course, waterway
ajia
Common word
noun
•
Asia(usually kana)
All readings:
アジア《亜細亜》[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
noun (temporal)
•
after this(usually kana)
Other readings:
これから《此から》[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
accident, incident, trouble
2.
circumstances, reasons
Other readings:
事故【ことゆえ】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
•
suburb, residential area on the outskirt of a city, commuter belt
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
seeing, looking at(humble language, polite language)
Other readings:
拜見【はいけん】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun
•
baby, infant
Other readings:
赤ん坊【あかんぼ】
、赤んぼ【あかんぼ】
、赤んぼう【あかんぼう】
noun, no-adjective
1.
amount necessary to fill a container (e.g. cupful, spoonful, etc.), drink (usu. alcoholic)
na-adjective
2.
full
noun
3.
one squid, octopus, crab, etc., one boat
adverb, no-adjective, na-adjective
4.
fully, to capacity(usually kana)
5.
a lot, much(usually kana)
noun (suffix), adverbial noun
6.
all of ..., the entire ...(usually kana)
Other readings:
１杯【いっぱい】
、一ぱい【いっぱい】
、１ぱい【いっぱい】
、一盃【いっぱい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to get used to, to grow accustomed to, to become familiar with(esp. 慣れる)
2.
to become skilled in, to become experienced at(esp. 慣れる)
3.
to become tame, to become domesticated(esp. 馴れる)
Ichidan verb, auxiliary verb
4.
to get used to doing(after the -masu stem of a verb)
Other readings:
馴れる【なれる】
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