Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to perceive, to sense, to discern
2.
to understand, to comprehend, to realize
3.
to attain enlightenment(Buddhist term)
Other readings:
覚る【さとる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
2.
to restrain, to control, to keep a check on(usually kana)
3.
to forgive, to put up with, to pardon(usually kana)
All readings:
こらえる《堪える》
、こらえる《怺える》
、こたえる《堪える》
noun
•
teaching, instruction, teachings, precept, lesson, doctrine
Other readings:
訓【おしえ】
noun
1.
one breath
2.
time of one breath
3.
pause, break, rest, breather
4.
(doing in) one go, doing without stopping(as 一息に)
5.
small amount of effort, a little more effort
noun, na-adjective
1.
spare time, free time, leisure
noun
2.
time (e.g. time it takes to do something)(only relevant for ひま and ヒマ)
noun, na-adjective
3.
time off, day off, vacation, holiday, leave
4.
quitting (one's job), firing someone, divorcing (one's spouse)
na-adjective
5.
(being) inactive, (of one's business) slow(only relevant for ひま and ヒマ)
noun
6.
All readings:
暇【ひま】
、暇【いとま】
、閑【ひま】
、遑【いとま】
、ヒマ
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
bridge building, mediation, go-between, intermediary, (through the) good offices (of someone)
Common word
adverb
1.
2.
if, in case, in the event that(usually kana)
noun, no-adjective
1.
duty, sense of duty, honor, honour, decency, courtesy, debt of gratitude, social obligation
no-adjective
2.
in-law, relation by marriage
Godan-bu verb
1.
to float, to be suspended
2.
to rise to the surface, to appear, to emerge, to show up, to loom (up)
3.
to come to mind, to have inspiration
Other readings:
浮ぶ【うかぶ】
、泛ぶ【うかぶ】[1]
、泛かぶ【うかぶ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
management, dealing with, settlement, cleaning up, disposal
noun
2.
course of events, circumstances, particulars
3.
end result (usu. bad), outcome
noun, auxillary suru verb, na-adjective
4.
economizing, economising, frugality, being thrifty
Other readings:
仕末【しまつ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
na-adjective, noun
1.
carefree, comfortable, at ease
2.
easygoing, happy-go-lucky
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
investigation, inspection, examination
2.
tune, note, melody
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to be careful, to be discreet(usu. 慎む)
2.
to do in moderation, to refrain (from overdoing), to abstain(usu. 慎む)
3.
to be reverent(only relevant for 謹む)
4.
to be purified, to be chaste
Other readings:
謹む【つつしむ】
、虔む【つつしむ】
noun
•
statue of Buddha, image of Buddha, Buddhist statue, Buddhist image
Other readings:
佛像【ぶつぞう】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to behave like a spoiled child, to fawn on
2.
to take advantage of, to presume upon (e.g. another's benevolence), to depend on
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
bending, curving, twisting, turning, winding
2.
warping (of feelings, logic, etc.), distortion, twisting
3.
refraction
4.
inflection(linguistics)
bukabuka
Common word
no-adjective, na-adjective, adverb, to-adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
too large (clothing), baggy, loose-fitting(onomatopia)
2.
bulging, warping(onomatopia)
adverb, auxillary suru verb
3.
parp, toot, blast(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ブカブカ
tekkiri
Common word
adverb
•
surely, certainly, without doubt(used of beliefs that turned out to be false)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate, to decay, to wither, to waste away
noun
1.
sky
2.
heaven(only relevant for てん)
3.
svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth)(Buddhist term)(only relevant for てん)
4.
deva (divine being of Buddhism)(Buddhist term)(only relevant for てん)
5.
sole of a Japanese sandal(only relevant for てん)
Other readings:
天【あめ】
、天【あま】
noun
1.
cell(biology term)
2.
cell (in an organization, esp. a communist party)
Other readings:
細胞【さいほう】
noun
1.
substance, essence
no-adjective
2.
real (in economics, vs. nominal, e.g. real interest rate), substantive, substantial, essential, tangible
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to be used up, to be run out, to be exhausted, to be consumed, to come to an end
Other readings:
竭きる【つきる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to partition, to divide, to mark off
2.
to direct, to manage, to run, to organize, to take responsibility for
3.
to settle accounts
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
4.
to assume a crouching posture (at the start of a bout), to poise oneself for the initial charge(sumo term)
noun
•
sake cup, cup for alcoholic beverages
Other readings:
杯【さかづき】
、盃【さかずき】
、盃【さかづき】
、坏【さかずき】
、坏【さかづき】
、巵【さかずき】
、巵【さかづき】
、卮【さかずき】
、卮【さかづき】
、盞【さかずき】
、盞【さかづき】
、盞【うき】
、觚【さかずき】
、觚【さかづき】
、觴【さかずき】
、觴【さかづき】
、酒盃【さかずき】[1]
、酒盃【さかづき】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to finish up, to complete, to finish off, to get through, to polish off
noun, no-adjective
•
national border, provincial border
All readings:
国境【こっきょう】
、国境【くにざかい】
、国界【こっきょう】
、国界【くにざかい】
、国界【こっかい】[1]
、国堺【こっきょう】
、国堺【くにざかい】
、国堺【こっかい】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
adverb
1.
exactly, precisely, just, right(usually kana)
2.
as if, as though, quite(usually kana)
All readings:
ちょうど《丁度》
、ちょうど《恰度》[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
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