Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to exceed (esp. figures: profits, unemployment rate, etc.), to surpass, to be more than, to be better than
See also:下回る
Other readings:
上まわる【うわまわる】
、上廻る【うわまわる】
tonda
Common word
pre-noun adjectival
1.
unthinkable, unimaginable, inconceivable, unexpected
2.
terrible, awful, serious
adverb
3.
very(archaism)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
laying the groundwork, behind-the-scenes maneuvering, consensus-building process
2.
digging around the roots of a tree (before transplanting)
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to close (one's eyes), to shut(usually kana)
Other readings:
つぶる《暝る》[1]
、つむる《瞑る》
、つむる《暝る》[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
1.
yokozuna (highest rank in sumo), grand champion(sumo term)
2.
best in its field, crème de la crème, cream of the crop
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to die out, to peter out, to become extinct
2.
to cease, to be stopped, to be discontinued, to be cut off
Other readings:
断える【たえる】
na-adjective, noun
•
beneficial, profitable, useful, helpful, instructive
na-adjective
1.
loose, slack
2.
gentle (slope, curve), slow (speed)
3.
lenient, liberal, lax
noun
•
excreta, raw sewage, human waste, night soil
All readings:
し尿【しにょう】
、屎尿【しにょう】
adverb
1.
especially, above all(usually kana)
2.
inter alia, among others
Other readings:
とりわけ《取分け》
、とりわけ《取分》
、とりわけ《取りわけ》
adjective
•
tender-hearted, compassionate, charitable, good-hearted
Other readings:
情深い【なさけぶかい】
noun
1.
market price
2.
speculation (e.g. on stocks)
3.
reputation (according to conventional wisdom), estimation, esteem
gakkuri
Common word
adverb, noun, auxillary suru verb, to-adverb
•
heartbroken, crestfallen, dejected, disappointed(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ガックリ
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
mask, veil, disguise
prenominal, noun
2.
anonymous, unmarked, incognito
pronoun
•
who(だあれ is emphatic or inquisitive)
All readings:
誰【だれ】
、誰【だあれ】
、誰【たれ】[1]
、誰【た】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to put on the market, to put out for sale, to put on sale, to begin selling, to market
Godan-su verb, intransitive verb
2.
to become popular
Other readings:
売出す【うりだす】
noun
•
clothing, costume, outfit, garment, dress
Other readings:
衣裳【いしょう】
noun, no-adjective, auxillary suru verb
•
stipulation, prescription, provision, regulation, rule
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
permission, allowance, acceptance, tolerance, pardon
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
steering, piloting, flying, control, operation, handling
2.
management, handling, control, manipulation
counter
•
counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted), a noun read using its on-yomi
All readings:
箇【か】
、個【か】
、个【か】
、カ
noun
•
strap (to hang onto)
All readings:
つり革【つりかわ】
、吊り革【つりかわ】
、吊革【つりかわ】
、釣り革【つりかわ】
、釣革【つりかわ】
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
departure, departing (from ...), departing (at time ...)
See also:着 (ちゃく)
2.
sending, sent (by ...), sent (at ...)
3.
counter
4.
counter for gunshots, bursts of gas, etc., counter for bullets, bombs, etc., counter for blows (punches)(also ぱつ)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
transport, transportation, conveyance, carriage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to loosen, to slacken
2.
to relax (attention, efforts, etc.), to let down (one's guard), to relieve (tension)
3.
to relax (a rule), to ease (e.g. restrictions), to loosen (control)
4.
to reduce (speed), to slow down, to ease up
5.
to make more gradual (of a slope)
Other readings:
弛める【ゆるめる】
noun
1.
master (of a house, shop, etc.)
2.
husband(familiar language)
3.
sir, boss, master, governor(used to address a male patron, customer, or person of high status)
4.
patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess, sugar daddy
See also:パトロン
Other readings:
檀那【だんな】
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
1.
to carry on one's back
2.
to be burdened with, to take responsibility for
3.
to have (something) in the background, to be in front (of something)
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
4.
All readings:
背負う【せおう】
、背負う【しょう】
、脊負う【せおう】[1]
、脊負う【しょう】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
adverb
1.
originally, essentially, naturally, by nature, really, actually
2.
in the first place, to begin with
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
starting, inauguration, launch, founding, establishment, start-up
All readings:
発足【ほっそく】
、発足【はっそく】
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