Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
1.
to struggle, to writhe, to wriggle, to squirm(usually kana)
2.
to act frantically, to make desperate efforts(usually kana)
Other readings:
もがく《踠く》[2]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun
1.
warrior (esp. of military retainers of daimyos in the Edo period), samurai
2.
man in attendance (on a person of high standing), retainer(archaism)(only relevant for さぶらい)
Other readings:
侍【さぶらい】
、士【さむらい】
noun, no-adjective
1.
set, suit, uniform collection, matching items
noun (suffix)
2.
entirely, all, every one, nothing but(Often as ぞろい)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to succeed, to relieve, to replace(esp. 替わる, 替る)
2.
to take the place of, to substitute for, to take over for, to represent, to hand over (telephone)(esp. 代わる, 代る)
3.
to be exchanged, to change (places with), to switch(esp. 換わる, 換る)
All readings:
替わる【かわる】
、代わる【かわる】
、換わる【かわる】
、替る【かわる】
、代る【かわる】
、換る【かわる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
rebuilding, reconstruction, rehabilitation
2.
protoform reconstruction(linguistics)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to sing, to chirp, to twitter(usually kana)
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to gulp down, to swallow deeply
2.
to understand, to take in, to catch on to, to learn, to digest
3.
to engulf, to swallow up
4.
to be filled with (people), to be crowded
5.
to hold back from saying something, to swallow (one's words)
Other readings:
呑み込む【のみこむ】
、飲みこむ【のみこむ】
、呑みこむ【のみこむ】
、のみ込む【のみこむ】
、飲込む【のみこむ】
、呑込む【のみこむ】
taru-adjective, to-adverb
•
vague, obscure, indistinct, hazy, ambiguous
Other readings:
ばく然【ばくぜん】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to stop, to stay (e.g. the night), to cease, to put an end to
2.
to contain, to keep (in position, in place), to limit
3.
to record (e.g. a fact), to retain
See also:記憶にとどめる
Other readings:
止める【とどめる】
、停める【とどめる】
noun
1.
beast (i.e. any animal other than man)
2.
3.
brute (i.e. a contemptible human being)
interjection
4.
damn it, damn, Christ, for Christ's sake(usually kana)
Other readings:
畜生【ちきしょう】
saboru
Common word
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to be truant, to play hooky, to skip school, to skip out, to be idle, to sabotage by slowness(from サボタージュ)
See also:サボタージュ
Other readings:
さぼる
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
joining (a club, organization, etc.), becoming a member, entry, admission, subscription, affiliation, signing (e.g. a treaty), taking out (insurance)
adjective
1.
seductive, carnal, enchanting
2.
troubling, difficult, thorny, hard
3.
anxious, uneasy
na-adjective, noun
1.
upper part
noun
2.
upper stream, upper course of a river(only relevant for かみて)
3.
right side of the stage (audience's or camera's POV), stage left (actor's POV)(only relevant for かみて)
na-adjective, noun
4.
skillful (in comparisons), dexterity(only relevant for うわて)
noun
5.
over-arm grip on opponent's belt(sumo term)(only relevant for うわて)
Other readings:
上手【かみて】
noun
1.
colony
2.
(immigrant) community(in Brazilian Japanese)
Other readings:
殖民地【しょくみんち】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to garnish, to accompany (as a card does a gift)
2.
to add to as support, to prop up
3.
to accompany (as an aid, guide, translator, etc.)
4.
to mimic, to imitate(archaism)
5.
to draw something near to oneself, to approach nearby(archaism)
Other readings:
副える【そえる】
noun
•
convenience, accommodation, advantage, benefit, expediency
Other readings:
便宜【びんぎ】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
pre-noun adjectival
•
main, principal, important
All readings:
主なる【おもなる】
、重なる【おもなる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
•
to insert, to include, to incorporate, to cut in (printing)
Other readings:
組込む【くみこむ】
、組みこむ【くみこむ】
noun
•
individuality, personality, quirk, idiosyncrasy, character, individual characteristic
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to herd, to drive, to chase, to corral
2.
to corner, to force someone into doing
3.
to go hard, to push yourself, to make a last charge
4.
to run on (e.g. lines in printing)
adverb, no-adjective
1.
once, before, formerly, ever, former, ex-(usually kana)
2.
never yet, never before, first time, still not happened(usually kana)(used with neg. verb)
Other readings:
かつて《曾て》
、かつて《都て》
、かって《曾て》
noun
1.
trunk, torso, body, abdomen, waist
2.
plastron (in kendo), touching the plastron (kimari-te in kendo)
3.
frame (of a drum, etc.), sound box (of a shamisen, etc.), hull (of a ship)
noun
•
urine(しい,しし, and しと were primarily children's words)
Other readings:
尿【ゆばり】[1]
、尿【いばり】[1]
、尿【ゆまり】[1]
、尿【ばり】[1]
、尿【しい】[1]
、尿【しし】[1]
、尿【しと】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
making use of, application, practical use, effective management (e.g. of funds)
2.
operation, handling, steering (esp. a boat)
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
room
2.
wife (of someone of high rank)(obscure)
3.
scabbard(obscure)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become blunt, to grow dull
2.
to become less capable, to weaken, to falter
All readings:
鈍る【にぶる】
、鈍る【なまる】
adjective
•
absurd, ridiculous, silly, ludicrous, nonsensical, asinine, foolish(usually kana)
Other readings:
バカバカしい
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