Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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noun, no-adjective, auxillary suru verb, na-adjective
•
fixed, settled, constant, definite, uniform, regularized, regularised, defined, standardized, standardised, certain, prescribed
All readings:
一定【いってい】
、一定【いちじょう】
suru verb (special), suffix
•
to change into, to convert into, to transform, to be reduced, to influence, to improve (someone)
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
control, restraint, suppression, constraint, curtailment, inhibition, check, curb
noun
•
Dear (so and so), Dear Sir, Dear Madam, To Whom It May Concern(letters beginning with this typically end with 敬具)
See also:敬具
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become blunt, to grow dull
2.
to become less capable, to weaken, to falter
All readings:
鈍る【にぶる】
、鈍る【なまる】
na-adjective, no-adjective
1.
near, close by, within reach, handy
na-adjective
2.
familiar
Other readings:
手近【てじか】[2]
、手近か【てぢか】[1]
、手近か【てじか】[1][2]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
- word containing irregular kana usage
noun
1.
growth, breeding
noun (suffix)
2.
growing up (in, as), upbringing
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to accustom, to train (e.g. one's ear)(esp. 慣らす)
2.
to tame, to domesticate, to train (an animal)(esp. 馴らす)
All readings:
慣らす【ならす】
、馴らす【ならす】
noun
1.
tail (animal, kite, comet, etc.), tail end
2.
slope at the foot of a mountain
no-adjective, na-adjective, noun
•
not yet fixed, undecided, pending
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
•
to take back, to regain, to get back, to recover
Other readings:
取戻す【とりもどす】
、とり戻す【とりもどす】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to be fit for, to be equal to, to function properly
Other readings:
務まる【つとまる】
noun
1.
uncleanness, impurity, defilement
2.
disgrace, shame, stain, blot, corruption, depravity
3.
uncleanliness from contact with death, pregnancy, menstruation, etc.
Other readings:
穢れ【けがれ】
noun
•
strap (to hang onto)
All readings:
つり革【つりかわ】
、吊り革【つりかわ】
、吊革【つりかわ】
、釣り革【つりかわ】
、釣革【つりかわ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
religious mission, religious proclamation
noun, na-adjective
1.
cavity, hollow, void
na-adjective
2.
hollow (voice, smile, etc.), blank (eyes, look, etc.), vacant (expression, stare, etc.), empty (words, heart, etc.)(only relevant for 虚ろ and 空ろ)
All readings:
虚ろ【うつろ】
、空ろ【うつろ】
、洞ろ【うつろ】
、洞【うつろ】
adverb
1.
exactly, precisely, just, right(usually kana)
2.
as if, as though, quite(usually kana)
All readings:
ちょうど《丁度》
、ちょうど《恰度》[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
oi
Common word
interjection
1.
hey!, oi!, ahoy!
pronoun
2.
I, me(Kansai-ben (dialect))(only relevant for おい)
All readings:
おい
、おおい
、おーい
、オイ
、オーイ
、オオイ
adverb
1.
thoughtlessly, recklessly, rashly, indiscriminately, indiscreetly, at random(usually kana)
2.
excessively, unreasonably, immoderately, absurdly(usually kana)
Other readings:
むやみに《無暗に》[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become stronger, to grow in intensity, to grow violent, to become worse
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
2.
to invite contributions, etc., to solicit help, participation, etc., to recruit (e.g. soldiers)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
constraint, reserve, feeling hesitant, being afraid of troubling someone
Other readings:
気がね【きがね】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
winning a prize or place (in a contest)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
training, education, development, cultivation
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
running away from home, elopement
2.
outing, going out(archaism)
3.
becoming a Buddhist monk, entering the priesthood(archaism)
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
permission, allowance, acceptance, tolerance, pardon
na-adjective, noun
•
free and easy, open-hearted, relaxed, not fussy, frank
Other readings:
灑落【しゃらく】
noun, no-adjective
1.
gravel, ballast, pebbles
2.
child, rugrat, ankle-biter(colloquialism)(only relevant for じゃり)
Other readings:
砂利【ざり】
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