Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
groping (for), fumbling around (for), searching (for an answer, solution, etc.), trying to find
Other readings:
摸索【もさく】
na-adjective
•
na-adjective
•
gorgeous, gaudy, dazzling, gay, resplendent(usually kana)
Other readings:
きらびやか《綺羅びやか》
noun, noun (suffix)
•
disposition, temperament, nature, mentality, spirit, character, trait, turn of mind(かたぎ usu. as a suffix)
All readings:
気質【きしつ】
、気質【かたぎ】
、形気【かたぎ】
、容気【かたぎ】
prefix
1.
honorific/polite/humble prefix(honorific language, polite language, humble language, usually kana)(usu. before a term with an on-yomi reading)
See also:御 (お)
suffix
2.
honorific suffix(honorific language)(after a noun indicating a person)
noun
1.
calmness, composure, presence of mind
2.
stability, steadiness
Other readings:
落着き【おちつき】
、落ち付き【おちつき】
、落付き【おちつき】
noun, no-adjective
•
woman, girl
All readings:
女子【じょし】
、女子【おなご】
、女子【おみなご】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to call, to invite, to send for, to summon(honorific language)
2.
to eat, to drink
3.
to put on, to wear
4.
to ride
5.
to catch (a cold), to take (a bath), to tickle (one's fancy), to put on (years), to commit (seppuku)
6.
to do
See also:召される
7.
used to show respect(honorific language, archaism)(used after the -masu stem of a verb)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
cooperation, conciliation, harmony, coordination
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to take over, to capture, to seize, to commandeer, to occupy, to usurp
2.
to hijack (vehicle, account, etc.)
Other readings:
乗っとる【のっとる】
noun
1.
end, finish, stop
3.
delivery date (of a futures contract)(esp. 限り,限)
4.
finale (of a noh song), end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki), final performance of the day (in vaudeville)
suffix, counter
5.
counter for slices (esp. thick slices), counter for cuts (e.g. fish, meat)
particle
6.
only, just(usually kana)(senses 6-8 are sometimes pronounced ぎり, esp. in old-fashioned speech)
See also:っ切り (っきり)
7.
since, after(usually kana)(usu. in a negative sentence)
8.
remaining (in a particular state)(usually kana)
Other readings:
限り【きり】
、切【きり】[1]
、限【きり】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
section (of track, etc.), segment, dimension
2.
interval(mathematics)
adjective
•
unsightly, ugly, unseemly, indecent, deplorable, disgraceful, shameful
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to give (someone) a treat(usually kana)(esp. 奢る)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
2.
to be extravagant, to live luxuriously(usually kana)
3.
to be proud, to be haughty(usually kana)(esp. 驕る 傲る)
All readings:
おごる《奢る》
、おごる《傲る》
、おごる《驕る》
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to cut into (a line, conversation, etc.), to force oneself into (e.g. a crowd), to wedge oneself into, to squeeze oneself into, to intrude on, to interrupt
2.
to fall below (of stock prices, sales, etc.), to drop below
Other readings:
割込む【わりこむ】
、割りこむ【わりこむ】
、わり込む【わりこむ】
noun
1.
device, contrivance, mechanism, gadget
2.
trick, trap, calculated manipulation, gambit
3.
(small) scale, half finished
4.
commencement, initiation
5.
set up, laying out, preparation
6.
challenge, attack
Other readings:
仕掛【しかけ】
noun
1.
mouse, rat(usually kana)
2.
dark gray, dark grey, slate (color, colour)
See also:鼠色
All readings:
ねずみ《鼠》
、ねず《鼠》
、ネズミ
Godan-su verb
1.
to write down, to note, to jot down
See also:記する
2.
to remember(usu. as 心に記す, etc.)
Other readings:
記す【きす】
、誌す【しるす】
、識す【しるす】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
decision, settlement
2.
definition(mathematics)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
division of labour, division of labor, splitting into groups (e.g. to search)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
(husband and wife) earning a living together
Other readings:
共かせぎ【ともかせぎ】
shokku
Common word
noun
1.
shock (psychological)
2.
crisis (esp. financial)
3.
shock (physical, mechanical)
4.
shock (e.g. due to lack of blood flow)(medical term)
noun
1.
trouble, bother
2.
number of moves (in go, shogi, etc.)(only relevant for てかず)
3.
number of punches (in boxing)(only relevant for てかず)
All readings:
手数【てすう】
、手数【てかず】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
repayment, reimbursement, refund, redemption
akuseru
Common word
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
propulsion, drive
2.
promotion (e.g. of a government policy), furtherance, implementation
sutajio
Common word
noun
•
studio
Other readings:
スタディオ[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
na-adjective, noun
1.
earnest, sincere, acute, keen, fervent
2.
pressing, urgent, serious, severe
3.
pertinent, appropriate
no-adjective, noun
1.
average, medium, common, ordinary
noun, no-adjective
2.
mid-grade (item), regular grade
noun (suffix)
3.
same level as, equal to, equivalent to, on par with
4.
each (e.g. month), every
5.
row of (teeth, houses, etc.), line of
All readings:
並【なみ】
、並み【なみ】
noun
1.
groundwork, foundation
2.
inclination, aptitude, elementary knowledge (of), grounding (in)
3.
undercoat, first coat
4.
soy sauce
See also:お下地
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to be temperate in, to refrain, to abstain, to hold back, to restrain oneself from excessive ...
2.
to make notes, to jot down (e.g. phone number)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
3.
to be in preparation for, to be in waiting for
4.
to be soon, to be in the offing
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
5.
to be in a close relationship (e.g. as a backer, etc.)
Other readings:
扣える【ひかえる】
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