Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to rise, to swell, to be promoted
kurai
Common word
suffix, particle
1.
approximately, about, around, or so(also written as 位)
2.
to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least
3.
as ... as ..., like
All readings:
くらい
、ぐらい
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
discussion, debate, argument
Other readings:
辯論【べんろん】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
constraint, reserve, feeling hesitant, being afraid of troubling someone
Other readings:
気がね【きがね】
noun
1.
particle, atom, little piece
noun, no-adjective
2.
not at all, not the slightest(used with neg. verb, often as 微塵も〜ない)
Other readings:
微塵【びじん】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
•
various kinds of small trees, assorted trees
All readings:
雑木【ぞうき】
、雑木【ざつぼく】
、雑木【ぞうぼく】
noun (prefix)
1.
the last (i.e. immediately preceding) (e.g. "the last mayor"), previous, one-time, former
2.
pre- (e.g. "premodern")(before the name of an era)
no-adjective, noun
3.
before, earlier
See also:前 (まえ)
hyotto
noun
•
evening glow, red sunset, afterglow (of sunset)
Other readings:
夕焼【ゆうやけ】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
conjunction
•
and, as well as
Other readings:
及【および】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-tsu verb, transitive verb
1.
to keep, to preserve, to hold, to retain, to maintain, to sustain
Godan-tsu verb, intransitive verb
2.
to last, to endure, to keep well (food), to wear well, to be durable
Other readings:
保つ【もつ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to fry, to saute, to stir-fry
Other readings:
煠める【いためる】
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to slacken, to loosen, to relax, to droop (e.g. loose or flabby skin), to sag (ceiling)(usually kana)
2.
to slack off (e.g. one's work, attention), to not put one's heart in(usually kana)
Other readings:
たゆむ《弛む》
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to accompany, to go hand in hand with, to be consequent upon(usu. 〜に伴う)
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
2.
to be accompanied by, to bring with, to take with, to be involved in(usu. 〜を伴う)
Other readings:
伴なう【ともなう】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
adverb, no-adjective
•
previously, already, for some time, for quite a while(usually kana)
All readings:
かねて《予て》
、かねて《兼ねて》
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
1.
to supply (goods, money, etc.), to cover (costs), to pay, to finance, to maintain (e.g. a family)
2.
to give board, to provide meals
na-adjective
•
perfect, complete, flawless
Other readings:
完ぺき【かんぺき】
、完壁【かんぺき】[1]
、完壁【かんべき】[1][2]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
- word containing irregular kana usage
Common word
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to enquire, to inquire, to seek information
Other readings:
問合わせる【といあわせる】
、問合せる【といあわせる】
、問い合せる【といあわせる】
noun, noun (prefix)
•
drying, dried
All readings:
干し【ほし】
、乾し【ほし】
、干【ほし】[1]
、乾【ほし】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
adverb, to-adverb
1.
gradually, by degrees, little by little, more and more, increasingly(usually kana)
noun
2.
steps, stairs, staircase, terrace
Other readings:
だんだん《段段》
noun
•
light, lamp, torch
All readings:
灯【ひ】
、灯【ともしび】
、灯火【とうか】
、灯火【ともしび】
、灯し火【ともしび】[1]
、燭【ともしび】
、燈火【とうか】
、燈火【ともしび】
、ともし火【ともしび】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Common word
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to swell, to rise, to bulge, to be piled up
2.
to rouse, to get excited
Other readings:
盛りあがる【もりあがる】
、盛り上る【もりあがる】
、盛上がる【もりあがる】
、盛上る【もりあがる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
waiting on a table, serving (at dinner)
noun
2.
waiter, waitress, waitperson, server, cabin boy, bellboy, page, pageboy
3.
office boy, office girl
taru-adjective, to-adverb
1.
magnificent, grand, impressive, dignified, majestic, imposing, stately
2.
fair, square, open, unashamed, brazen
to-adverb
3.
grandly, boldly, confidently
4.
fairly, squarely, unreservedly, brazenly
Other readings:
堂堂【どうどう】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
use, adoption, acceptance
2.
appointment, employment, engagement, recruitment
no-adjective, taru-adjective, to-adverb
•
open, public, official, overt
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
reinforcement, augmentation, strengthening, increase, buildup
noun
1.
request, favor, favour
2.
reliance, dependence, trust, hope
Other readings:
恃み【たのみ】
、憑み【たのみ】
noun
•
presence, dignity
Other readings:
貫録【かんろく】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
•
junior college, vocationally oriented two or three year post-secondary education institution(abbreviation)
See also:短期大学
adjective
1.
brittle, fragile, weak, frail(usually kana)
2.
tender-hearted, sentimental, easily moved(usually kana)
noun
1.
servant (esp. a samurai's attendant)
2.
chivalrous man (Edo period)
3.
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