Vocabulary list for JLPT N4
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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to break, to be broken, to snap, to fracture
2.
to be folded
3.
to give in, to back down, to yield, to submit
4.
to turn (a corner)
See also:曲がる
adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
for a moment, for a minute(usually kana)
adverb
2.
for a while, for some time(usually kana)
3.
for the time being, for now(usually kana)
interjection
4.
it's been a long time, long time no see(usually kana)
Other readings:
しばらく《姑く》
、しばらく《暫らく》[1]
、しばらく《須臾》
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
1.
to burn
2.
to roast, to broil, to grill, to bake, to toast, to barbecue
3.
to heat, to heat up
4.
to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.), to bake, to fire, to burn
5.
to tan (i.e. suntan), to burn
See also:灼く (やく)
6.
to print (a photo), to burn (an optical disc)
7.
to be jealous of, to be envious of, to envy
See also:妬く (やく)
Other readings:
燬く【やく】[1]
、焚く【やく】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to glide, to slide (e.g. on skis), to slip
2.
to fail (an examination), to bomb (when telling a joke)
3.
to drop, to go down, to come down, to fall (e.g. in status)
Other readings:
辷る【すべる】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to compare, to make a comparison
2.
to compete, to vie
See also:力比べ
Other readings:
較べる【くらべる】
、競べる【くらべる】
adverb
•
(not) at all, (not) a bit, (not) in the least, (not) in the slightest(usually kana)(with neg. sentence)
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
•
to recall, to remember, to recollect
Other readings:
思いだす【おもいだす】
、おもい出す【おもいだす】
、思出す【おもいだす】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
education, schooling, training, instruction, teaching, upbringing
2.
culture, cultivation, education
no-adjective, adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
beginning, outset, first, onset
dondon
Common word
adverb, to-adverb
1.
drumming (noise), beating, pounding, banging, booming, stamping(onomatopia)
2.
rapidly, quickly, steadily(onomatopia)
3.
continuously, one after the other, in succession(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ドンドン
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be sufficient, to be enough
2.
3.
to do (the job), to serve, to answer
noun
•
reason, pretext, motive
Other readings:
理由【わけ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
noun
1.
grass, weed, herb, thatch
2.
ninja(archaism)
prefix
3.
not genuine, substandard
expression
4.
Other readings:
艸【くさ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
paato
Common word
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
line, stripe, stria
2.
line (e.g. telephone line), wire
3.
ray (e.g. X-ray), beam
See also:Ｘ線
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to advance, to go forward
2.
to precede, to go ahead (of)
3.
to make progress, to improve
4.
to deepen, to heighten
5.
to be fast (of a clock), to be ahead
6.
to do of one's own free will
See also:進んで
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to change, to alter, to transform, to convert, to turn, to vary
2.
to reform, to revise, to amend
sou
Common word
auxiliary, na-adjective
•
appearing that, seeming that, looking like, having the appearance of(after -masu stem or adj. stem)
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
sound, noise, report
2.
note(music term)
3.
fame(only relevant for おと)
4.
Other readings:
音【ね】
、音【おん】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to lose, to be defeated
2.
to succumb, to give in, to surrender, to yield(only relevant for 負ける)
3.
to be inferior to(only relevant for 負ける)
4.
to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)(only relevant for 負ける)
See also:気触れる (かぶれる)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
5.
to reduce the price, to give a discount, to throw in (something extra) for free(only relevant for 負ける)
Other readings:
敗ける【まける】
、敗北る【まける】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
preparation, arrangements, provision, getting ready, laying out (e.g. a meal)
a
Common word
interjection
1.
ah, oh(expression of surprise, recollection, etc.)
2.
hey!(used to get someone's attention)
Other readings:
アッ
、アっ[1]
、あ
、ア
Notes:
- word containing irregular kana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to stand up, to put up, to set up, to erect, to raise(also written as 起てる)
2.
to thrust into, to bury into, to dig into
3.
to make (a noise), to start (a rumour), to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.), to cause
4.
to make, to establish, to set up, to develop, to formulate
5.
to put up (a political candidate), to make (one's leader)
6.
to treat with respect, to give (someone) their due, to make (someone) look good, to avoid embarrassing (someone)
7.
to sharpen, to make clear
8.
to shut, to close
See also:閉てる
9.
to make tea (matcha), to perform the tea ceremony
See also:点てる
10.
to divide by
suffix, Ichidan verb
11.
to do ... vigorously(after the -masu stem of a verb)
na-adjective, noun, auxillary suru verb
•
relief, peace of mind
Other readings:
安神【あんしん】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to get dirty, to become dirty
2.
to become sullied, to become corrupted, to lose one's chastity
See also:汚れる (けがれる)
adverbial noun
1.
once, one time, on one occasion
2.
temporarily, for a moment(only relevant for ひとたび)
3.
one degree, one tone, one musical interval(only relevant for いちど)
Other readings:
一度【ひとたび】
、１度【いちど】
、１度【ひとたび】
、一たび【ひとたび】
、ひと度【ひとたび】
、一とたび【ひとたび】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
circumference, girth
See also:回り (まわり)
2.
surroundings, neighbourhood, neighborhood, vicinity
3.
people surrounding oneself, surrounding circumstances
noun, no-adjective
1.
woman, female
2.
feminine gender(linguistics)(only relevant for じょせい)
Other readings:
女性【にょしょう】
adverb, to-adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
tightly (holding on), firmly, securely(usually kana, onomatopia)
2.
strongly (built), solidly, sturdily, steadily(usually kana, onomatopia)
3.
properly, well, sufficiently, hard (working, etc.), fully, completely(usually kana, onomatopia)
4.
reliably, dependably, levelheadedly, shrewdly, wisely, cleverly(usually kana, onomatopia)
Other readings:
しっかり《聢り》
noun, adverbial noun
1.
on the way, en route, halfway
2.
in the middle of, midway
no-adjective
1.
general, ordinary, usual
adverb
2.
normally, generally, usually
3.
really(colloquialism)(as 普通に)
noun
4.
noun
1.
mirror, looking-glass
2.
barrel head
3.
page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.(finance term)
4.
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
1.
to grow hot (e.g. water), to boil
2.
to get excited (at), to erupt (in applause, cheering, etc.), to be in a ferment, to take place energetically
3.
to ferment
4.
to melt (of metal)
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