Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to place (in position), to fix, to set (e.g. table), to lay (foundation)
2.
to install, to seat (someone)
See also:上座に据える
3.
to settle (upon something), to fix (e.g. one's gaze)
4.
to apply (moxa)
noun, na-adjective
•
negligence, neglect, carelessness, procrastination
noun
•
historic ruins (remains, relics), archeological site
Other readings:
遺蹟【いせき】
noun
1.
ending, conclusion
2.
join, union, connecting
3.
knot, knotting
4.
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to keep in mind, to bear in mind, to try, to aim to do, to endeavor, to endeavour
All readings:
心がける【こころがける】
、心掛ける【こころがける】
、心懸ける【こころがける】
pekopeko
Common word
na-adjective
1.
very hungry, starving, famished(onomatopia)
to-adverb, adverb, auxillary suru verb
2.
fawning, bowing and scraping, being obsequious, being servile, kowtowing, bowing repeatedly, cringing(onomatopia)
See also:ぺこん
3.
All readings:
ペコペコ
、ぺこぺこ
noun
•
sovereignty, supremacy, dominion
Other readings:
主權【しゅけん】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be dyed
2.
to be tainted, to be infected, to be stained, to be steeped
adjective
•
tender-hearted, compassionate, charitable, good-hearted
Other readings:
情深い【なさけぶかい】
suru verb (special), transitive verb
•
to have, to possess, to own, to be endowed with
adverbial noun, noun
•
evening, dusk, twilight
Other readings:
夕暮【ゆうぐれ】[1]
、夕ぐれ【ゆうぐれ】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
•
to scoop, to ladle out(usually kana)
Other readings:
すくう《抄う》
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
supremacy, predominance, being superior to
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
search (esp. for someone or something missing), manhunt
2.
legally authorized search of a person, building, etc.(law term)
tende
adverb
1.
(not) at all, completely, utterly, entirely, altogether(with neg. sentence)
2.
very, extremely
noun
1.
movement, move, motion
2.
trend, development, change, fluctuation
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
application, subscription, entry (competition, raffle, etc.), enlistment
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
preliminary investigation, preparation
noun
•
treatment, service, handling, management
Other readings:
取扱い【とりあつかい】
、取り扱【とりあつかい】
、取扱【とりあつかい】
noun, no-adjective
1.
every month
na-adjective, noun
2.
trite, commonplace, conventional, hackneyed(only relevant for つきなみ)(orig. used as an insult towards old-fashioned poets who would meet monthly to write poetry)
Other readings:
月並【つきなみ】
、月次【つきなみ】
、月次【げつじ】
pre-noun adjectival
•
satisfactory, decent(usually kana)(usually used in the negative sense)
Other readings:
ろくな《陸な》
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
noun
•
real intention, motive, true opinion, what one really thinks
See also:建前
noun
•
plan, scheme, plot, design, project, intention, aim
Other readings:
目論み【もくろみ】
noun
1.
germ, germs, bacteria, mold, mould(colloquialism)
2.
something harmful, vermin(used figuratively)
All readings:
ばい菌【ばいきん】
、バイ菌【バイきん】
、黴菌【ばいきん】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
throwing in, inserting, depositing (e.g. a ballot)
2.
investment, commitment (of funds, personnel, etc.), injection, infusion
3.
launching (a product into the market), introduction
4.
submitting (a job to a computer), issuing (a command)(computer term)
Godan-su verb
1.
to write down, to note, to jot down
See also:記する
2.
to remember(usu. as 心に記す, etc.)
Other readings:
記す【きす】
、誌す【しるす】
、識す【しるす】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
returning to (one's home in) Tokyo
2.
returning to (one's home in) the capital(orig. meaning)
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
past, after
2.
too (much), over- (e.g. eating)(usually kana)
Godan-su verb, intransitive verb
•
to plan, to intend, to aspire to, to set aims (sights on)
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
group, party, team(also read ぱん as a suffix)
2.
squad, section(military)
no-adjective, adverb
•
right in front, just opposite, under the nose
Other readings:
まん前【まんまえ】
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