Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
•
outskirts, environs (of a city), surrounding area, surroundings
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
•
to fear, to doubt, to have misgivings about, to worry about, to be anxious about, to be apprehensive about
Godan-u verb, transitive verb
•
to scoop, to ladle out(usually kana)
Other readings:
すくう《抄う》
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
solidarity
prenominal
2.
joint, collective
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
totalization, totalisation, aggregation, tally (e.g. of votes), adding up, summing up
hotto
Common word
adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
with a feeling of relief, with a sigh of relief(onomatopia)
adverb
2.
deeply (sigh)(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ホッと
、ホっと
gakkuri
Common word
adverb, noun, auxillary suru verb, to-adverb
•
heartbroken, crestfallen, dejected, disappointed(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ガックリ
noun
1.
future, prospects, outlook
2.
journey ahead, distance yet to cover
noun, na-adjective, no-adjective
•
depression, recession, slump
See also:好況
na-adjective, noun
•
cowardly, timid, easily frightened
Other readings:
憶病【おくびょう】
、おく病【おくびょう】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
laying the groundwork, behind-the-scenes maneuvering, consensus-building process
2.
digging around the roots of a tree (before transplanting)
na-adjective, noun
•
poor, pitiful, piteous, pitiable
All readings:
不憫【ふびん】
、不愍【ふびん】
、不便【ふびん】
suru verb (special), transitive verb
1.
to hold back (e.g. emotions), to rein in (e.g. a horse, unruly people), to bridle
2.
to get the better of
3.
to control, to command
noun
1.
2.
(classical) element (e.g. earth, water, air, fire)
3.
origin, source(archaism)
Other readings:
原素【げんそ】
na-adjective, no-adjective, noun
•
favourable, favorable, promising, satisfactory, in good shape
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
participation, taking part in, participating in, being concerned in
Other readings:
干与【かんよ】
noun
1.
lack of harmony, lack of balance, lack of coordination, malfunction
2.
ataxia(medical term)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
refereeing, trial, judgement, judgment, umpire, referee
All readings:
審判【しんぱん】
、審判【しんばん】
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to commit (e.g. crime), to perpetrate, to make (e.g. mistake)
2.
to break (e.g. rule), to violate, to transgress, to contravene
3.
to rape, to violate, to ravish, to deflower
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to die down (storm, anger, conflict, etc.), to calm down, to cool off, to abate, to be settled, to be brought under control
2.
to be at peace, to be governed well
3.
to subside (of pain, symptoms, etc.), to be alleviated, to get better, to ease off
noun
1.
line (of text), row, verse
2.
carya (austerities)(Buddhist term)
3.
samskara (formations)(Buddhist term)
4.
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
counterattack, counteroffensive, counterblow
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
thought, consideration, thinking
adverb
•
(not) so, (not) particularly, (not) very, (not) that much(usually kana)(usu. with a negative verb)
All readings:
さほど《然程》
、さほど《左程》
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
conversion, diversion, changeover, commutation, switchover
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
•
to wait eagerly for, to look forward to
Other readings:
待望む【まちのぞむ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
whereabouts, place where one is, position, location
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