Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to stagnate, to be delayed, to be left undone
2.
to be overdue (of a payment), to fall into arrears, to be outstanding
noun
1.
seal, stamp, monogram signature(only relevant for はん)
2.
judgment, judgement(only relevant for はん)
noun, noun (suffix)
3.
size (of paper or books)
See also:判型
All readings:
判【はん】
、判【ばん】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to reflect on (oneself, past conduct, etc.), to contemplate, to examine, to think over, to introspect
See also:顧みる
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to make, to produce, to manufacture, to build, to construct(造る usu. for large-scale building, manufacturing, etc.; 創る usu. for creating)
2.
to prepare (food), to brew (alcohol)
3.
to raise, to grow, to cultivate, to train
See also:野菜を作る
4.
to till
5.
to draw up (a document), to make out, to prepare, to write
6.
to create (an artistic work, etc.), to compose
7.
to coin (a phrase), to organize, to organise, to establish, to found
8.
to have (a child)
9.
to make up (one's face, etc.)
10.
to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
11.
to give a (false) appearance, to feign (a smile, etc.), to put on a show of emotion
12.
to form (a line, etc.)
13.
to set (a record)
14.
to commit (a sin, etc.)
All readings:
作る【つくる】
、造る【つくる】
、創る【つくる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
single word, a few words, brief comment
All readings:
一言【ひとこと】
、一言【いちげん】
、一言【いちごん】
、ひと言【ひとこと】
noun
•
fault, error, indiscretion, faux pas
Other readings:
誤ち【あやまち】
noun
1.
large building, building with a long roof
suffix, counter
2.
counter for buildings, apartments, etc.
noun
1.
you (people)
interjection
2.
gentlemen, ladies and gentlemen, my friends, everyone(making appeal, etc.)
noun
1.
screw(usually kana)
2.
key (of a clock, watch, etc.), spring (of a clock, watch, etc.)
All readings:
ねじ《螺子》
、ねじ《捻子》
、ねじ《捩子》
、ねじ《螺旋》
、らし《螺子》
、ネジ
noun, no-adjective, na-adjective
•
deep emotion, being filled with emotion
See also:感慨無量
Common word
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to investigate, to examine
Other readings:
取調べる【とりしらべる】
adverb
1.
exactly, precisely, just, right(usually kana)
2.
as if, as though, quite(usually kana)
All readings:
ちょうど《丁度》
、ちょうど《恰度》[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
na-adjective
1.
smooth (of a surface), glassy, velvety, soft
2.
smooth (of an action, proceedings, etc.), fluent (speech), fluid, trouble-free
3.
continuously differentiable(mathematics)
Other readings:
滑らか【すべらか】
、滑か【なめらか】[1]
、滑か【すべらか】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
section (of track, etc.), segment, dimension
2.
interval(mathematics)
zuruzuru
Common word
adverb, to-adverb
1.
(dragging a large or heavy item) slowly(onomatopia)
2.
(falling) little by little, (slipping) gradually, (drawing back) slowly, with a slither(onomatopia)
3.
on and on, while putting off, slovenly, interminably(onomatopia)
4.
with a slurp, with a sniffle(onomatopia)
na-adjective
5.
loose, lax, inconclusive, unresolved(onomatopia)
Other readings:
ズルズル
、づるづる[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
adjective
1.
unpleasant, disagreeable, nasty(usually kana)
2.
lewd, lascivious, obscene, filthy, dirty(usually kana)
Other readings:
いやらしい《厭らしい》
、やらしい《嫌らしい》
、やらしい《厭らしい》
noun, no-adjective
•
entrance, entry, gate, approach, mouth
See also:出口
All readings:
入口【いりぐち】
、入口【いりくち】
、入口【はいりぐち】
、入口【はいりくち】
、入り口【いりぐち】
、入り口【いりくち】
、入り口【はいりぐち】
、入り口【はいりくち】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
declining, refusal, nonacceptance, turning down, withdrawal (e.g. of candidacy), pulling out (e.g. of a race), excusing oneself
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to make progress, to move right ahead (with the work), to advance(usually kana)
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
expectation, anticipation, prediction, forecast, conjecture
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to decide, to determine
2.
to establish, to lay down, to prescribe, to provide, to stipulate
3.
to bring peace (to), to make peaceful
noun
•
country, territory, domain, realm
Other readings:
国土【くにつち】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
suru verb (special), transitive verb
1.
to injure, to damage, to harm, to hurt
2.
to kill
3.
to hinder, to obstruct
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