Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to knead, to thicken into a paste (stirring over a flame)
2.
to polish (a plan, etc.), to refine, to elaborate, to work out
3.
to train, to drill, to exercise
4.
to gloss (silk), to soften, to degum(only relevant for 練る)
5.
to tan (leather)
6.
to temper (steel)(also written as 錬る)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
7.
to walk in procession, to parade, to march(also written as 邌る)
Other readings:
煉る【ねる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
crowding together, clustering together, close formation, swarm
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
packing, baling, crating
Other readings:
荷作り【にづくり】
、荷づくり【にづくり】
noun
•
sovereignty, supremacy, dominion
Other readings:
主權【しゅけん】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
na-adjective, no-adjective
•
plain, frank, candid, open, direct, straightforward, unabashed, blatant, flagrant(usually kana)
Other readings:
あからさま《偸閑》[1]
、あからさま《白地》[1]
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
noun
1.
matchmaker(esp. なこうど)
2.
go-between, intermediary, middleman, mediator, intercessor(esp. ちゅうにん)
All readings:
仲人【なこうど】
、仲人【ちゅうにん】
、媒人【なこうど】
、媒【なこうど】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to blame, to reproach, to censure, to rebuke, to reprove, to find fault, to take to task, to criticize, to criticise
2.
to question (a suspect), to challenge
Ichidan verb
3.
to aggravate (an injury), to be aggravated, to get inflamed
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
4.
to prick (one's conscience)
See also:気が咎める
Godan-ku verb, intransitive verb
•
Notes:
- ateji (phonetic) reading
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
ornamentation, embellishment, decoration, adornment, polish up (writing)
2.
modification, qualification(linguistics)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
accommodation, reception, housing
2.
seating
3.
custody (e.g. awaiting deportation), internment
4.
admission, hospitalization
5.
entering (e.g. in dictionary)
noun
1.
justice, right, righteousness
2.
correct meaning, correct explanation(usu. in titles of annotated editions of Confucian classics)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to extend, to stretch out, to stand in a row
2.
to attend, to participate in
3.
to enrol, to enroll, to join
4.
to have a connection, to be related, to be linked
Other readings:
列なる【つらなる】
noun, noun (suffix)
•
quantity, amount, volume, number, amount of money(usu. だか when used as a suffix)
Other readings:
高【だか】
adverb
1.
really (seem, appear, etc.), truly, evidently(usually kana)
2.
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to load (a gun, etc.), to charge
2.
to put into (e.g. emotion, effort)
3.
to include (e.g. tax in a sales price)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
4.
to hang over, to shroud, to enshroud, to envelop, to screen
See also:立ち込める
Other readings:
籠める【こめる】
、篭める【こめる】
、罩める【こめる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Common word
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to manage, to control, to supervise, to oversee, to command
2.
to crack down on, to keep under strict control, to enforce, to regulate
Other readings:
取締る【とりしまる】
、取締まる【とりしまる】
noun
1.
tea drinking
2.
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be crowded, to be packed
2.
to be complex
See also:手の込んだ
auxiliary verb
3.
to go into, to put into, to remain (seated), to be plunged into (silence), to do thoroughly(only relevant for 込む)
4.
to do intently(only relevant for 込む)
5.
to continue in the same state(only relevant for 込む)
All readings:
込む【こむ】
、混む【こむ】
、籠む【こむ】[1]
、篭む【こむ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
no-adjective, na-adjective
1.
inevitable, necessary, certain, sure
noun
2.
inevitability, necessity
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
formation, molding, making up, taking form, giving form to
noun
2.
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to turn up, to roll up (e.g. sleeves)(usually kana)
auxiliary verb, Godan-ru verb
2.
to do over and over again, to do relentlessly, to do with reckless abandon(usually kana)
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
3.
to stage a comeback (against) (in mahjong, horse racing, etc.), to come from behind(slang, usually kana)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
refereeing, trial, judgement, judgment, umpire, referee
All readings:
審判【しんぱん】
、審判【しんばん】
noun, noun (suffix)
•
will, desire, ambition, urge (e.g. creative urge)
Other readings:
意慾【いよく】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun
1.
one face, one surface
2.
the whole surface
3.
one aspect, one side
noun, adverbial noun
4.
(on) the other hand
5.
one broad, flat object
6.
front page (e.g. newspaper)
Other readings:
１面【いちめん】
noun
1.
(being in) the red, deficit
2.
red letter, red writing
3.
corrections (by a teacher or proofreader) written in red
noun
1.
listening comprehension, aural comprehension
2.
hearing what others say, gathering information, opinions, etc., public hearing
Other readings:
聴き取り【ききとり】
、聞取り【ききとり】
、聴取り【ききとり】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to force, to compel, to coerce, to press, to impose
noun
•
House of Representatives (lower house of the National Diet of Japan)
noun
1.
amiability, friendliness, affability, sociability
2.
fondness (of someone), affection, liking
See also:愛想を尽かす
3.
compliments, civilities, courtesies, flattery
See also:お愛想
4.
hospitality, special treatment, entertainment
See also:お愛想
5.
bill (at a restaurant), check
See also:お愛想
Other readings:
愛想【あいそう】
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
customary use, common usage, general usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
establishment, founding
2.
incorporation (of a business)
no-adjective, taru-adjective, to-adverb
•
open, public, official, overt
noun
•
palm (of one's hand)
All readings:
手のひら【てのひら】
、掌【てのひら】
、掌【たなごころ】
、掌【しょう】
、手の平【てのひら】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become blunt, to grow dull
2.
to become less capable, to weaken, to falter
All readings:
鈍る【にぶる】
、鈍る【なまる】
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