Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to visit, to call on
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
2.
to arrive, to come, to appear
Other readings:
訪れる【おとづれる】
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to grapple with, to wrestle with, to engage in a bout, to be matched against
2.
to tackle (e.g. a problem), to come to grips with, to work hard on
Other readings:
取組む【とりくむ】
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to run (of liquid), to spread(usually kana)
2.
to blur, to blot, to be blurred(usually kana)
3.
to ooze, to well up (of tears, etc.)(usually kana)
4.
to show through (of feelings, emotions, etc.), to reveal itself(usually kana)
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
•
to fear, to doubt, to have misgivings about, to worry about, to be anxious about, to be apprehensive about
adverb
1.
what, how
2.
what (a) ...!, how ...!(usually kana)(indicates surprise, admiration, etc.)
3.
surprisingly, to my amazement, believe it or not, why, ...!(usually kana)
interjection
4.
oh my, wow(usually kana)
5.
well, ..., so, ...(usually kana)(used when asking for confirmation or approval)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
ascetic practices(Buddhist term)
2.
training, practice, discipline, study
Other readings:
修行【すぎょう】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
multi-use, combined use, combination, serving two purposes
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
practice, putting into practice, implementation
noun
2.
praxis (philosophy)
kicchiri
Common word
adverb, to-adverb, auxillary suru verb
1.
exactly, precisely, punctually, on the dot(onomatopia)
2.
closely, tightly, (fitting) perfectly(onomatopia)
3.
properly, without fail(onomatopia)
Other readings:
キッチリ
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
1.
up to now, so far
no-adjective
2.
traditional, conventional, usual, existing
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
1.
to go through, to pierce, to penetrate
2.
to run through (e.g. a river through a city), to pass through
3.
to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.), to carry out, to persist with, to keep (e.g. faith), to maintain (e.g. independence)
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
1.
to offer, to present(humble language)
2.
to set someone up in a high position, to revere at a distance
auxiliary verb, Godan-ru verb
3.
to do respectfully(humble language)
Other readings:
奉る【まつる】
、献る【まつる】
noun
1.
milk
2.
breast
3.
loop(only relevant for ち)
4.
Other readings:
乳【ち】
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
•
to feel shy, to be bashful, to blush
Other readings:
羞じらう【はじらう】
、恥らう【はじらう】
adjective
•
casual, unconcerned, nonchalant
Other readings:
何気無い【なにげない】
prefix
1.
new, neo-
noun
2.
newness, novelty
3.
4.
Xin dynasty (China, 9-23 CE), Hsin dynasty
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to be violated, to be corrupted, to be polluted, to be stained
Other readings:
穢れる【けがれる】
na-adjective, noun
1.
grand, magnificent, lavish, large scale, prosperous, thriving, lively
2.
forceful, powerful, vigorous
noun
•
relationship, relation, terms (good, friendly, etc.)
Other readings:
間がら【あいだがら】
noun
1.
riches, wealth, fortune
2.
resources
3.
Other readings:
富み【とみ】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
resemblance, similarity, likeness, analogy
eameeru
Common word
noun
1.
specific gravity, relative density(physics term)
2.
relative importance, weight
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