Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to boast of, to be proud of, to take pride in
noun
1.
aim, object, purpose, end
2.
expectations, prospects, hopes
3.
something that can be relied upon
4.
snack served with alcoholic drink(Kansai-ben (dialect))
noun (suffix)
5.
pad, guard
noun (suffix), noun (prefix)
6.
blow, strike
suffix
7.
addressed to(only relevant for 宛 and 宛て)
8.
per(usually kana)(also written as 充て)
Other readings:
宛【あて】
、宛て【あて】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to mix, to combine, to include
2.
to exchange (words, fire, etc.)
3.
to cross (e.g. swords), to join together
Other readings:
混える【まじえる】[1]
、雑える【まじえる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to shrivel (e.g. cut vegetables, skin), to wilt, to fade, to wither, to be wizened(usually kana)
noun
•
things dried in the sun (esp. clothes, dyed cloth, etc.)
Other readings:
乾し物【ほしもの】
、干物【ほしもの】
、乾物【ほしもの】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
na-adjective, noun
1.
close (relationship, connection, etc.), intimate, near
2.
close (together)
Other readings:
蜜接【みっせつ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
1.
unmarried woman
noun (suffix)
2.
Miss(after a name)
3.
-ess, -ette(after a line of work)
Other readings:
娘【じょう】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
capitulation, surrender, submission
noun
2.
Other readings:
降服【こうふく】
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
department (in an organization), division, bureau(higher than a 課)
2.
club
3.
part, component, element
4.
category
counter
5.
counter for copies of a newspaper or magazine
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
preference, priority, precedence
noun
1.
2.
messenger, bearer, errand boy, errand girl(polite language)
3.
familiar spirit(polite language, honorific language)
Other readings:
御使い【おつかい】
、お遣い【おつかい】
、御遣い【おつかい】
、お使【おつかい】[1]
、御使【おつかい】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
tide, current
2.
sea water
3.
opportunity, chance(only relevant for しお)
4.
thin soup of fish or shellfish boiled in seawater(abbreviation)(only relevant for うしお)
See also:潮汁 (うしおじる)
All readings:
潮【しお】
、潮【うしお】
、汐【しお】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to develop a rash or inflammation (e.g. in response to a skin irritant), to react to (something)(usually kana)
2.
to be strongly influenced (usu. negative or critical nuance)(usually kana)
noun
•
gradations (on a ruler, thermometer, etc.), division, scale
All readings:
目盛り【めもり】
、目盛【めもり】
noun
•
real condition, actual circumstances, actual state of affairs
Other readings:
実状【じつじょう】
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
silence, being silent, quiet, hush
2.
reticence, inaction
noun
•
shamisen, samisen, three-stringed Japanese lute
All readings:
三味線【しゃみせん】
、三味線【さみせん】
Common word
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verb
•
to happen to pass by
Other readings:
通り掛かる【とおりかかる】
、通り掛る【とおりかかる】
noun
1.
specific gravity, relative density(physics term)
2.
relative importance, weight
na-adjective, noun
•
rash, thoughtless, careless, hasty, imprudent
Other readings:
軽卒【けいそつ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, no-adjective
•
league, federation, union, alliance
Other readings:
聯盟【れんめい】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
ornamentation, embellishment, decoration, adornment, polish up (writing)
2.
modification, qualification(linguistics)
adverb, to-adverb
1.
gradually, by degrees, little by little, more and more, increasingly(usually kana)
noun
2.
steps, stairs, staircase, terrace
Other readings:
だんだん《段段》
napukin
Common word
noun
1.
(table) napkin, serviette
2.
sanitary napkin, sanitary pad
Other readings:
ナフキン
na-adjective, noun
•
irregular, unseasonable, changeable, unsettled, abnormal
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to swell (out), to expand, to be inflated, to distend, to bulge
2.
to get cross, to get sulky, to pout
Other readings:
脹れる【ふくれる】
noun, no-adjective
1.
all, everything, entirety, the whole
adverb
2.
absolutely (not), (not) at all, (none) whatsoever, without exception(with neg. verb)
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
1.
wild, growing wild, living in the wild
pronoun
2.
I(archaism, male term)
noun
1.
will, resolution, intention, ambition, aim, goal
2.
kindness, goodwill, kind offer
3.
gift (as a token of gratitude)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
monitoring, watching, observation, surveillance, guarding, supervision, lookout
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to report to, to tell, to suggest, to submit, to request, to make an offer, to come forward with information
adjective
1.
2.
sufficient, enough, ready, prepared
See also:いい
3.
profitable (deal, business offer, etc.), beneficial
See also:いい
4.
OK, all right, fine, no problem(as て(も)良い, と(も)良い, etc.; indicates permission or compromise)
See also:いい
All readings:
良い【よい】
、良い【えい】[2]
、善い【よい】
、善い【えい】[2]
、好い【よい】
、好い【えい】[2]
、佳い【よい】
、佳い【えい】[2]
、吉い【よい】
、吉い【えい】[2]
、宜い【よい】[1]
、宜い【えい】[1][2]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
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