Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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suru verb (special), intransitive verb
1.
to be contrary to, to be inconsistent with, to contradict(only relevant for 反する)
2.
to act contrary to (rules or guidelines), to violate, to transgress(only relevant for 反する)
3.
to oppose, to rebel, to revolt
Other readings:
叛する【はんする】
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to herd, to drive, to chase, to corral
2.
to corner, to force someone into doing
3.
to go hard, to push yourself, to make a last charge
4.
to run on (e.g. lines in printing)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be disordered, to be disarranged, to be disarrayed, to be disheveled, to be dishevelled
2.
to be discomposed, to be upset, to get confused, to be disturbed
3.
to lapse into chaos (due to war, etc.)
Other readings:
紊れる【みだれる】
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
1.
to clear, to make clear
2.
to be unruffled, to look unconcerned, to feign indifference
3.
to look demure, to look prim, to put on airs
4.
to strain (one's ears), to listen carefully
See also:耳を澄ます (みみをすます)
Other readings:
清ます【すます】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
waste (of money, time, etc.), squandering, frittering away
Other readings:
無駄使い【むだづかい】[1]
、無駄づかい【むだづかい】
、むだ遣い【むだづかい】
、むだ使い【むだづかい】[1]
、徒遣い【むだづかい】
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to exceed (esp. figures: profits, unemployment rate, etc.), to surpass, to be more than, to be better than
See also:下回る
Other readings:
上まわる【うわまわる】
、上廻る【うわまわる】
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
•
Other readings:
なずく《懐く》[1]
、なづく《懐く》[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
1.
pot, jar, vase
2.
dice cup
3.
depression, basin (e.g. of a waterfall)
See also:滝壺
4.
5.
key point (of a conversation, etc.), essence(usually kana)
6.
acupuncture point, moxibustion point, pressure point(usually kana)
7.
position on the fingerboard (of a shamisen, koto, etc.)(usually kana)(often ツボ)
8.
target (when aiming an arrow)(archaism)
All readings:
壺【つぼ】
、壺【つほ】[2]
、壺【つふ】[2]
、壷【つぼ】
、壷【つほ】[2]
、壷【つふ】[2]
、壼【つぼ】[1]
、壼【つほ】[1][2]
、壼【つふ】[1][2]
、ツボ
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
adjective
•
filthy, unfair, dirty, untouchable, disgusting, nasty, foul, odious, repulsive
Other readings:
穢らわしい【けがらわしい】
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
the other day, some time ago, recently
Other readings:
先達て【せんだって】
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to meet (by chance), to come across, to run across, to encounter, to happen upon(出遭う usu. has a negative connotation)
2.
to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.)(only relevant for 出会う and 出合う)(esp. 出合う)
3.
to emerge and engage (an enemy)(only relevant for 出会う and 出合う)(often used imperatively as 出会え)
All readings:
出会う【であう】
、出逢う【であう】
、出合う【であう】
、出遭う【であう】
、出あう【であう】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
monitoring, watching, observation, surveillance, guarding, supervision, lookout
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
chorus, singing in a chorus
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to give an order, to place an order, to have made to order(usually kana)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
procurement, purchase, buying(only relevant for 購買)
noun
2.
Other readings:
校売【こうばい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
reclamation (e.g. wasteland), cultivation, development
2.
pioneering, opening up (e.g. new market), breaking new ground, trailblazing
adjective
1.
fleeting, transient, short-lived, momentary, ephemeral, fickle, vain(usually kana)
2.
empty (dream, etc.), mere (hope), faint (possibility)(usually kana)
All readings:
はかない《儚い》
、はかない《果敢ない》
、はかない《果敢無い》
、はかない《果無い》
、はかない《果ない》
、はかない《果敢い》[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
germ, germs, bacteria, mold, mould(colloquialism)
2.
something harmful, vermin(used figuratively)
All readings:
ばい菌【ばいきん】
、バイ菌【バイきん】
、黴菌【ばいきん】
tisshupeepaa
Common word
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to accomplish, to finish, to carry through, to follow through
Other readings:
遣り遂げる【やりとげる】
Godan-u verb, intransitive verb
1.
to drift, to float
2.
to waft (e.g. a scent), to hang in the air
3.
to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood)
4.
to wander, to walk around aimlessly
5.
to be unsteady, to be unstable(archaism)
6.
to falter, to flinch, to wince(archaism)
7.
to live in unreliable circumstances(archaism)
noun
1.
slack, slackening, sagginess, flabbiness (skin, etc.)(usually kana)
2.
dullness, letdown, depression, ennui(usually kana)
adjective
1.
lukewarm, tepid
2.
half-hearted, vague, weak
3.
lenient, mild, soft
All readings:
生ぬるい【なまぬるい】
、生温い【なまぬるい】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to put to bed
2.
to lay down lengthwise, to put a thing on its side
3.
to set something aside unused, to let lie idle
4.
to ferment, to lay down (wine)
noun
1.
windmill
2.
pinwheel (toy), windmill (toy)(only relevant for かざぐるま)
3.
Clematis patens (species of climbing plant)(usually kana)(only relevant for かざぐるま and カザグルマ)
All readings:
風車【ふうしゃ】
、風車【かざぐるま】
、カザグルマ
noun
1.
thorn, spine, prickle
2.
splinter (esp. lodged in one's flesh), hard sharp item (esp. lodged in one's throat, e.g. fish bone)
3.
biting words
Other readings:
棘【とげ】
、トゲ
noun
1.
feeling, sensation, mood
suffix
2.
sensation of doing(usu. after -masu stem of verb; read as ごこち)
na-adjective, noun
•
yellow, amber
All readings:
黄色【きいろ】
、黄色【こうしょく】
、黄色【おうしょく】
noun
1.
heaven and earth, the universe, nature, top and bottom, realm, sphere, world
2.
top and bottom(only relevant for てんち)
3.
gods of heaven and earth(only relevant for あめつち)
All readings:
天地【てんち】
、天地【あめつち】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to rise, to swell, to be promoted
noun
1.
bed, bedding
2.
sickbed
3.
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go away, to become more distant, to fade away, to die away
2.
to be estranged
noun
1.
collar, lapel, neckband, neck
2.
nape of the neck, scruff of the neck
Other readings:
衿【えり】
、領【えり】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
investigation (e.g. into someone's guilt), questioning, pressing, hounding, pinning down
2.
catching up, overtaking
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