Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to go to ruin, to go under, to fall, to be destroyed, to die out, to become extinct, to perish
Other readings:
亡びる【ほろびる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
public appeal (e.g. for contributions), public offering (of securities), public advertisement (of a post), open recruitment
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
1.
to go through, to pierce, to penetrate
2.
to run through (e.g. a river through a city), to pass through
3.
to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.), to carry out, to persist with, to keep (e.g. faith), to maintain (e.g. independence)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
directions, instructions, orders, command
Other readings:
指し図【さしず】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
speaking by proxy, speaking for (someone else), acting as spokesman (for), representing (the views, feelings, etc. of)(only relevant for 代弁 and 代辯)
2.
payment by proxy, compensation by proxy, paying on behalf (of)(only relevant for 代弁 and 代辨)
3.
acting for (someone else), carrying out (on someone's behalf)(only relevant for 代弁 and 代辨)
Other readings:
代辨【だいべん】
、代辯【だいべん】
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
decrease, reduction, decline
na-adjective
•
rough (estimate, manner, etc.), crude, broad, loose, careless (work)
All readings:
大雑把【おおざっぱ】
、大ざっぱ【おおざっぱ】
noun, no-adjective, auxillary suru verb
•
development, exploitation
Other readings:
開発【かいほつ】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to soften, to moderate, to relieve
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
execution, enforcing, carrying out(only relevant for しこう and せこう and しぎょう)
2.
giving alms, giving food to the poor or monks(only relevant for せぎょう)
All readings:
施行【しこう】
、施行【せぎょう】
、施行【せこう】
、施行【しぎょう】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
subtraction, deduction (e.g. tax), subsidy
Other readings:
扣除【こうじょ】
Godan-bu verb, transitive verb
•
to value, to prize, to esteem, to respect
All readings:
貴ぶ【とうとぶ】
、貴ぶ【たっとぶ】
、尊ぶ【とうとぶ】
、尊ぶ【たっとぶ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
borrowing(humble language, polite language)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
destruction, disruption
2.
(application) crash(computer term)
adverbial noun, noun (temporal), no-adjective
•
day after day, every day
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to get complicated, to grow worse, to turn sour(usually kana)
noun, na-adjective
1.
cavity, hollow, void
na-adjective
2.
hollow (voice, smile, etc.), blank (eyes, look, etc.), vacant (expression, stare, etc.), empty (words, heart, etc.)(only relevant for 虚ろ and 空ろ)
All readings:
虚ろ【うつろ】
、空ろ【うつろ】
、洞ろ【うつろ】
、洞【うつろ】
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
waiting expectantly, waiting eagerly, looking forward to
no-adjective
2.
long-awaited
adverb
1.
indeed, really, truly, just (like)(usually kana)(indicating emotive conviction)
2.
very, extremely, totally, terribly(usually kana)
adverb, interjection
3.
absolutely, certainly, for sure(usually kana)(indicating agreement)
taru-adjective, to-adverb
•
vague, obscure, indistinct, hazy, ambiguous
Other readings:
ばく然【ばくぜん】
noun
1.
chill, the shivers, shivering fit(only relevant for さむけ)
2.
cold, coldness, cold air(usu. かんき)
All readings:
寒気【さむけ】
、寒気【かんき】
、寒け【さむけ】
noun
•
(good) result, outcome, fruits (of one's labors), product, accomplishment
noun
1.
moat, fosse, trench, ditch(濠 is usu. filled with water, 壕 is usu. dry)
2.
underground air-raid shelter, dugout(only relevant for 壕)
All readings:
壕【ごう】
、濠【ごう】
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
permission, allowance, acceptance, tolerance, pardon
noun, no-adjective
1.
turning by hand, hand-turned, hand-cranked
noun
2.
preparations, arrangements
adverb, to-adverb
1.
gradually, by degrees, little by little, more and more, increasingly(usually kana)
noun
2.
steps, stairs, staircase, terrace
Other readings:
だんだん《段段》
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
noun
•
eyelid(usually kana)
All readings:
まぶた《瞼》
、まぶた《目蓋》
、まぶた《眼蓋》
、まなぶた《瞼》[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
1.
sky
2.
heaven(only relevant for てん)
3.
svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth)(Buddhist term)(only relevant for てん)
4.
deva (divine being of Buddhism)(Buddhist term)(only relevant for てん)
5.
sole of a Japanese sandal(only relevant for てん)
Other readings:
天【あめ】
、天【あま】
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