Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
•
to be harmful to, to hinder, to interfere with, to irritate
adverbial noun, noun (temporal)
•
normally, habitually
All readings:
日ごろ【ひごろ】
、日頃【ひごろ】
noun, na-adjective
•
negligence, neglect, carelessness, procrastination
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to run (of liquid), to spread(usually kana)
2.
to blur, to blot, to be blurred(usually kana)
3.
to ooze, to well up (of tears, etc.)(usually kana)
4.
to show through (of feelings, emotions, etc.), to reveal itself(usually kana)
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun
1.
windmill
2.
pinwheel (toy), windmill (toy)(only relevant for かざぐるま)
3.
Clematis patens (species of climbing plant)(usually kana)(only relevant for かざぐるま and カザグルマ)
All readings:
風車【ふうしゃ】
、風車【かざぐるま】
、カザグルマ
Godan-mu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to become loose, to slacken (e.g. rope)
2.
to become less tense, to relax, to let one's guard down
3.
to slacken (e.g. coldness, supervision), to become lax
4.
to become softer (e.g. ground, facial expression), (of ice) to partially melt
5.
to decrease (e.g. speed)
6.
(of a market price) to go down slightly
Other readings:
弛む【ゆるむ】
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to split, to tear, to burst, to be separated, to be divided
Other readings:
割ける【さける】
noun
•
diaper, nappy, napkin(usually kana)
Other readings:
おむつ《御襁褓》
、オムツ
noun
1.
project, enterprise, business, industry, operations, venture, service
2.
Other readings:
事業【ことわざ】
na-adjective, noun
•
overserious, deeply sincere, very earnest
Other readings:
生まじめ【きまじめ】
、気まじめ【きまじめ】[1]
、気真面目【きまじめ】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
dressing up in fine clothes, splendid clothes, one's best clothes
noun
•
light, lamp, torch
All readings:
灯【ひ】
、灯【ともしび】
、灯火【とうか】
、灯火【ともしび】
、灯し火【ともしび】[1]
、燭【ともしび】
、燈火【とうか】
、燈火【ともしび】
、ともし火【ともしび】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
noun
1.
effect, virtue, efficacy, impression
2.
one's dominant eye(only relevant for 利き目 and きき眼 and 利目)
Other readings:
利き目【ききめ】
、きき眼【ききめ】
、効目【ききめ】
、利目【ききめ】
noun, no-adjective, noun (suffix)
•
doubt, misgivings, distrust, suspicion
adjective
1.
empty, void, vacant
2.
vain, fruitless, futile, ineffective
3.
lifeless
See also:空しくなる
All readings:
虚しい【むなしい】
、空しい【むなしい】
noun, noun (suffix)
1.
image, figure, statue, picture, portrait
2.
figure, form, shape, appearance
3.
image(physics term, mathematics)
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
division(mathematics)
Other readings:
わり算【わりざん】
、割算【わりざん】
noun
1.
shaking (something) out
2.
starting point, beginning, outset
3.
drawing (e.g. of a bill), issue, draft
Other readings:
振出し【ふりだし】
、振出【ふりだし】
、振り出【ふりだし】
noun
1.
attempt, trial, experiment
2.
endeavour (endeavor), effort, venture, initiative
noun
1.
magnification, leverage, amplification, scaling factor, scale factor
2.
competitiveness rating (e.g. for university entrance), applicant-to-acceptance ratio(25% acceptance would be a 倍率 of 4)
adverb, noun
1.
truth, reality
2.
sincerity, honesty, integrity, fidelity
3.
that's right(archaism)(used when recalling forgotten information, suddenly changing the subject, etc.)
Other readings:
実【まこと】
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to load (a gun, etc.), to charge
2.
to put into (e.g. emotion, effort)
3.
to include (e.g. tax in a sales price)
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
4.
to hang over, to shroud, to enshroud, to envelop, to screen
See also:立ち込める
Other readings:
籠める【こめる】
、篭める【こめる】
、罩める【こめる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, transitive verb
•
to boast of, to be proud of, to take pride in
noun, no-adjective
•
yearning, longing, aspiration, adoration, admiration
Other readings:
憬れ【あこがれ】
Common word
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
•
to pull down, to lower, to reduce, to withdraw
Other readings:
引下げる【ひきさげる】
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to fit into (a box, frame, category, etc.), to be contained within, to fall within (e.g. a budget)
2.
to settle down (into), to be installed (in one's rightful place), to be returned (to one's original position)
3.
to settle into (one's position), to take up (a post), to occupy (a role)(esp. 納まる)
4.
to be delivered, to be paid (e.g. taxes)(only relevant for 納まる)
5.
to be settled (dispute, conflict, etc.), to be sorted, to subside (e.g. wind), to calm down, to abate(only relevant for 収まる)
See also:治まる
6.
to be satisfied (e.g. with an answer), to consent, to agree
All readings:
収まる【おさまる】
、納まる【おさまる】
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