Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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noun, auxillary suru verb
•
shortening, contraction, reduction, curtailment, abbreviation
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
expression
1.
2.
see(used to emphasize that an earlier prediction was correct)
auxiliary verb
3.
(please) try to do(honorific language, polite language, usually kana)(after the -te form of a verb)
All readings:
ご覧なさい【ごらんなさい】
、御覧なさい【ごらんなさい】
na-adjective
1.
pretty, lovely, beautiful, fair(usually kana)
2.
clean, clear, pure, tidy, neat(usually kana)
3.
completely, entirely(usually kana)(as きれいに)
All readings:
きれい《綺麗》
、きれい《奇麗》
、きれい《暉麗》[1]
、キレイ
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to go upstream(usually kana)
2.
to go back (in time, to origin), to date back to, to trace back to, to make retroactive(usually kana)
All readings:
さかのぼる《遡る》
、さかのぼる《溯る》
、さかのぼる《逆上る》[1]
、さかのぼる《泝る》
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
na-adjective, noun
•
precise, exact, detailed, accurate, minute, close
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
provision of lunch (e.g. at office, school, etc.), providing a meal, lunch service
See also:学校給食 (がっこうきゅうしょく)
noun, no-adjective
1.
orbit, trajectory(astronomy term, physics term)
noun
2.
railroad track
3.
(right) track, proper course
See also:軌道に乗る
Godan-mu verb, transitive verb
1.
to herd, to drive, to chase, to corral
2.
to corner, to force someone into doing
3.
to go hard, to push yourself, to make a last charge
4.
to run on (e.g. lines in printing)
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
settlement (financial), squaring accounts, clearing debts
2.
liquidation
3.
ending (a relationship), breaking up (with), burying (the past), redeeming (one's faults)
Common word
expression
•
All readings:
ございます《御座います》
、ございます《ご座います》
na-adjective, noun
1.
grand, magnificent, lavish, large scale, prosperous, thriving, lively
2.
forceful, powerful, vigorous
adjective
•
remarkable, striking, brilliant, splendid, spectacular, wonderful
All readings:
目覚ましい【めざましい】
、目覚しい【めざましい】
、目ざましい【めざましい】
、目醒しい【めざましい】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-ku verb
1.
to mutter, to murmur, to grumble(usually kana)
2.
to tweet (Twitter)(usually kana)
noun, no-adjective
1.
old person, elderly person, senior citizen
noun
2.
trustee of the Japan Sumo Association, retired high-ranking wrestler who is licensed to coach and receives retirement pay(sumo term)
3.
senior statesman (of the Tokugawa shogunate)
4.
important local official (under the Tokugawa Shogunate)
Other readings:
年寄【としより】
、年より【としより】
noun
•
receiving, acceptance, reception
Other readings:
受入れ【うけいれ】
、受入【うけいれ】[1]
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to tailor, to make (clothing)
2.
to train, to bring up
3.
to make it seem like, to pass off
4.
to turn into a play or movie
5.
to prepare, to send, to despatch
noun, no-adjective
•
commonwealth, federation of states, confederation, union
Other readings:
聯邦【れんぽう】
noun
1.
deadline, closing, cut-off, end(not 閉め切り, etc.)
2.
cofferdam(not 閉め切り, etc.)
no-adjective, noun
3.
closed (door, window, etc.)(not 〆切, etc.)
Other readings:
締切り【しめきり】
、締切【しめきり】[1]
、〆切【しめきり】
、〆切り【しめきり】
、乄切り【しめきり】[2]
、閉め切り【しめきり】
、閉切り【しめきり】
Notes:
- irregular okurigana usage
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
breaking through, breakthrough, penetration
2.
surmounting, overcoming
3.
exceeding, passing
suru verb (special), transitive verb
1.
to offer, to present, to submit, to supply
2.
to serve (food and drink)
3.
to offer (to the gods), to set up (before an alter)
na-adjective, noun
•
mess, spoiled, spoilt, (come to) nothing, ruin
Other readings:
台なし【だいなし】
、臺なし【だいなし】[1]
、臺無し【だいなし】[1]
Notes:
- word containing out-dated kanji
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
cold storage, refrigeration
noun
•
transition from one epoch to another, change of era
See also:画期的 (かっきてき)
Other readings:
劃期【かっき】
pronoun
1.
you (referring to someone of equal or lower status)(usually kana, polite language)(貴女 refers only to females and 貴男 refers only to males)
2.
dear (what a wife calls a husband)(only relevant for 貴方 and 貴男)
All readings:
あなた《貴方》
、あなた《貴女》
、あなた《貴男》
Godan-su verb, transitive verb
•
to entertain, to make welcome(usually kana)
Other readings:
もてなす《持てなす》
maaku
Common word
noun
1.
mark, symbol, insignia, logo, label, emblem
auxillary suru verb
2.
to mark, to put a mark on
noun
3.
noun, auxillary suru verb
4.
paying attention to, focusing on, watching, guarding, marking
5.
registering a record (in sport, etc.)
noun
6.
Mach (OS kernel)(computer term)
noun
1.
crossing without meeting (e.g. letters in the post, people on the road), going astray
2.
difference of opinion, misunderstanding, estrangement, disagreement
Other readings:
行き違い【ゆきちがい】
、行違い【いきちがい】
、行違い【ゆきちがい】
na-adjective, noun
•
skillful, adroit, dexterous, masterful, clever, ingenious, cunning
gutto
adverb
1.
suddenly, at once, in one go, with a jerk, with a gulp(onomatopia)
2.
considerably, very much, a lot(onomatopia)
3.
firmly, with an effort, tightly, exerting pressure(onomatopia)
4.
completely (e.g. at a loss)(onomatopia)
5.
deeply (e.g. moved)(onomatopia)
noun
1.
foreign currency, foreign money, foreign exchange
2.
foreign goods, imported goods
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