Vocabulary list for JLPT N1
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kurai
Common word
suffix, particle
1.
approximately, about, around, or so(also written as 位)
2.
to (about) the extent that, (almost) enough that, so ... that ..., at least
3.
as ... as ..., like
All readings:
くらい
、ぐらい
na-adjective, noun
•
firm, strong, unbending, unyielding, uncompromising, stubborn, tough, hard-line
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
repayment, reimbursement, refund, redemption
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
annihilation, total destruction, complete destruction, crushing defeat
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to shut oneself in (e.g. one's room), to be confined in, to seclude oneself, to hide away, to stay inside (one's shell)(usually kana)
2.
to be filled with (emotion, enthusiasm, etc.)(usually kana)
3.
to fill the room (of a gas, smell, etc.), to be heavy with (e.g. smoke), to be stuffy, to be dense(usually kana)
4.
to be muffled (e.g. voice)(usually kana)
5.
to hold (a castle, fortress, etc.)(usually kana)
6.
to confine oneself in a temple to pray(usually kana)
Other readings:
こもる《籠もる》
、こもる《篭もる》
、こもる《籠る》
、こもる《隠る》
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
division(mathematics)
Other readings:
わり算【わりざん】
、割算【わりざん】
noun
1.
(company) director, executive, top management(only relevant for じゅうやく)
2.
important post, role with heavy responsibilities
All readings:
重役【じゅうやく】
、重役【おもやく】[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
check, restraint, oppression, suppression
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to split, to tear, to burst, to be separated, to be divided
Other readings:
割ける【さける】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
diagnosis and treatment, medical care
Godan-gu verb, transitive verb
1.
2.
to pedal (e.g. bicycle)
3.
to swing (on a swing)
4.
to operate a hand pump
5.
to push through (deep snow, the jungle, etc.)
noun
•
management, (executive) staff, leaders, leadership, top brass, upper echelons
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
dialogue, discussion, conversation, interaction
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to harden, to freeze, to strengthen, to solidify, to make (a fist), to tramp down (snow, dirt)
See also:土を固める (つちをかためる)
2.
to put together, to collect, to gather, to consolidate
3.
to make secure, to stabilize, to settle down, to strengthen (belief, resolution, etc.), to establish (evidence)
See also:身を固める (みをかためる)
4.
to fortify, to reinforce, to support
5.
to wear for a specific purpose (armor, coat, etc.)(in the form に身をかためる)
6.
to swear, to resolutely vow, to sincerely promise
7.
to tie tightly, to fasten
8.
to hold a bow fully drawn
Other readings:
堅める【かためる】[1]
Notes:
- word containing irregular kanji usage
Godan-gu verb, intransitive verb
1.
to swing, to sway, to shake, to tremble
2.
to waver, to feel shaken, to become unstable
Ichidan verb, transitive verb
1.
to incline, to lean, to tip, to tilt, to slant, to bend, to list
2.
to devote oneself to, to concentrate on, to pour one's energy into
3.
to ruin, to squander, to empty
4.
to drink (alcohol)
na-adjective, noun
•
beneficial, profitable, useful, helpful, instructive
noun, auxillary suru verb, no-adjective
•
forgery, falsification, fabrication, counterfeiting
See also:偽物
noun, auxillary suru verb
1.
overflowing, flood, inundation, deluge
2.
oversupply, plethora
Other readings:
汎濫【はんらん】
、はん濫【はんらん】
、氾らん【はんらん】
、ハンラン
Ichidan verb, intransitive verb
•
to become weak, to decline, to wear, to abate, to decay, to wither, to waste away
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
exhibiting, showing, putting on display, putting up for sale, entering (a work into a competition), submitting
adverb
1.
now (after such a long time), at this late hour (i.e. it is too late for something), at this point of time
2.
afresh, anew, again
Other readings:
今さら【いまさら】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
provision of lunch (e.g. at office, school, etc.), providing a meal, lunch service
See also:学校給食 (がっこうきゅうしょく)
Godan-ru verb, intransitive verb
1.
to be sorry, to beg pardon, to be much obliged, to feel small
2.
to be grateful
3.
to be amazed, to be filled with awe, to be surprised
4.
to be disconcerted, to be embarrassed
Other readings:
畏れ入る【おそれいる】
noun, auxillary suru verb
•
job transfer, job relocation, intra-company transfer
Godan-ku verb, transitive verb
•
Other readings:
なずく《懐く》[1]
、なづく《懐く》[1]
Notes:
- out-dated or obsolete kana usage
noun
1.
head, leader, top(esp. 首脳)
2.
important part(archaism)(esp. 主脳)
Other readings:
主脳【しゅのう】
noun
•
thing that should be (carefully) avoided, no-no, thing to definitely not do, something forbidden, taboo
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